In Japan’s House of Representatives election on Oct. 27, the ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) and its coalition partner Komeito failed to secure a majority for the first time in 15 years, marking the party’s worst election result since 2009. This electoral loss has placed the LDP in a vulnerable position, with Ishiba’s coalition now needing to secure alliances with independents and potentially expand partnerships with conservative opposition factions to retain control.

Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba now faces mounting criticism within his party, as internal factions rally behind figures who may replace him. Sanae Takaichi, former Minister for Economic Security and known for her conservative positions, is expected to lead the growing “anti-Ishiba” faction. Takaichi’s candidacy in last month’s LDP presidential race demonstrated her influence within the party, and if she gains enough support, she could become a serious contender for the LDP’s top leadership, which would position her as a likely successor to Ishiba.