As the U.S. rallies its Asian allies to counter Chinese and Russian aggression, a growing divergence in long-term strategies for dealing with China’s rise threatens to undermine unity between Washington and its allies.

Officials in Washington have been buoyed by the U.S.’ success over the last month in rallying its friends in Asia, including Korea, to stand up to Chinese and Russian aggression. Yet their success glosses over a deepening divergence across the Pacific, not about whether to deter China — on which there is widespread agreement — but about whether the ultimate objective is to contain China’s growth or