South Korea’s National Intelligence Service (NIS) concluded an in-depth assessment of the country’s election system on Tuesday, highlighting several security vulnerabilities within the infrastructure managed by the National Election Commission (NEC) — the state-run election watchdog. The analysis, which came a day aheadof a major Seoul ward by-election, reveals that multiple facets of the election system were exposed to potential breaches. These vulnerabilities range from unauthorized access mechanisms for pre-vote documents and the potential for the duplication of ballot papers to imperfections in the online voting authentication system that may not reliably counter proxy voting, coupled with penetrable communication