{"id":2206643,"date":"2024-10-01T14:46:14","date_gmt":"2024-10-01T05:46:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/?p=2206643"},"modified":"2024-10-02T16:54:25","modified_gmt":"2024-10-02T07:54:25","slug":"south-koreas-cheonan-survivors-still-awaiting-mental-health-support","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2024\/10\/south-koreas-cheonan-survivors-still-awaiting-mental-health-support\/","title":{"rendered":"South Korea\u2019s Cheonan survivors still awaiting mental health support"},"content":{"rendered":"

Fourteen years after the 2010 sinking of the ROKS Cheonan, survivors continue to struggle with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and mental health issues. These struggles reveal a deeper problem: the inadequate support provided to South Korean veterans who experience trauma.<\/span><\/p>\n

Despite the high-profile nature of the incident, where a North Korean torpedo sank the corvette killing 46 sailors and leaving 58 survivors, little meaningful aid has been extended to those directly affected.<\/span><\/p>\n

The National Assembly\u2019s defense committee passed a <\/span>bill<\/span><\/a> on Sept. 25 to provide long-overdue support to the survivors, addressing their medical, psychological and employment needs. The bill marks a critical step forward, but the years of neglect have left deep scars on those who served aboard the Cheonan.<\/span><\/p>\n

LONG AWAITED LEGISLATION<\/b><\/p>\n

The newly passed Special Act for Compensation and Support for ROKS Cheonan Survivors is designed to assist the 58 survivors and families of the deceased sailors.<\/span><\/p>\n

However, the years leading up to this moment have been filled with frustration for the survivors as they dealt with severe mental health challenges and societal stigma that resulted from the politicization of the corvette\u2019s sinking.<\/span><\/p>\n

Initially introduced by People Power Party lawmaker Koo Jakeun in June, the bill originally contained <\/span>provisions<\/span><\/a> to penalize those who deny or distort facts about the sinking. These provisions aimed to protect survivors from <\/span>conspiracy theories<\/span><\/a> and defamation. However, the defense ministry <\/span>removed<\/span><\/a> these provisions, citing concerns over freedom of expression.<\/span><\/p>\n

Conspiracy theories persist despite a 2010 Ministry of National Defense investigation concluding that a North Korean torpedo caused the sinking. Captain Choi Won-il, who led the ship during the attack, has faced these conspiracy claims since his discharge in 2021. He described the continued efforts to counter misinformation, including <\/span>false accusations<\/span><\/a> that the sinking was a \u201cself-inflicted explosion.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cWe\u2019re not asking for large amounts of compensation, but enduring ridicule and malicious comments have been incredibly painful,\u201d Choi told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Choi also emphasized that political rhetoric surrounding the sinking has hindered the mental health recovery of survivors and delayed meaningful discussions about support for those impacted by North Korea\u2019s attack.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

From left: Former ROKS Cheonan Captain Choi Won-il, South Korean President Yoon Suk-yeol, and then-Interim Leader of the ruling People Power Party Han Dong-hoon look around the remains of the ROKS Cheonan corvette, March 22, 2024 | Image: ROK Presidential Office<\/a><\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

POLITICIZATION AND STIGMA<\/b><\/p>\n

The political significance of the Cheonan sinking has overshadowed the needs of its survivors with Choi pointing out that political exploitation \u2014 not the actions of any one political party \u2014 has deepened the trauma experienced by survivors.<\/span><\/p>\n

In a 2018 study by Kim Seung-sup, an associate professor at Seoul National University, survivors reported feeling abandoned by both sides of the political spectrum. \u201cThe conservatives used us, while the progressives ignored us,\u201d said an unnamed survivor in the study.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kim\u2019s research, detailed in his 2022 book, \u201c<\/span>The Future Victims Have Won<\/span><\/a>,\u201d highlights how survivors struggled with societal stigma. Despite their service, they faced ongoing ridicule, and many within the military dismissed their PTSD as \u201cmalingering.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Kim\u2019s findings <\/span>revealed<\/span><\/a> that 91.3% of survivors experienced PTSD, with 58.3% having considered suicide and 29.1% having attempted it.<\/span><\/p>\n

Choi told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i> that the defense ministry exacerbated this stigma when it made hospitalized survivors hold a press conference in patient gowns, reinforcing the \u201cdefeated soldier\u201d image.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cPresident Yoon Suk-yeol has expressed a willingness to focus on the welfare of the survivors, but there has been no follow-through,\u201d Choi said. \u201cThose carrying out the president\u2019s policies pay attention [to us] only when the media shines a spotlight on us. <\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

ROK Army Colonel Park Sung-woo, a spokesperson for the Joint Chiefs of Staff, briefs reporters on the ROKS Cheonan sinking at the Defense Ministry, March 28, 2010 | Image: Republic of Korea Armed Forces Flickr (CC BY-SA 2.0<\/a>)<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

INADEQUATE SUPPORT<\/b><\/p>\n

Survivors of the Cheonan sinking have encountered numerous challenges in accessing government support.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThe veterans ministry offers aid after it has recognized a servicemember as a person of national merit. But until that happens, there is little to no assistance,\u201d Choi told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

South Korean veterans must go through a burdensome application process to receive such recognition. To <\/span>qualify<\/span><\/a> as a person of national merit, an individual must meet a minimum disability criterion, including a <\/span>25% or greater loss of labor capacity<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

This process is especially difficult for survivors with mental health issues, where fluctuating PTSD symptoms make such quantifications challenging.<\/span><\/p>\n

Choi explained that many survivors avoided seeking medical care during their service due to stigma, and this decision now limits their ability to provide the necessary medical history to qualify for PTSD recognition.<\/span><\/p>\n

Despite these challenges, the Ministry of Patriots and Veterans Affairs told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i> that it introduced psychological rehabilitation services for veterans and their families in July 2018. However, Choi and other survivors initially bore the costs of their PTSD treatment.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIndividuals have borne everything,\u201d Choi said, describing the lack of consistent government support for veterans.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

A memorial for the ROKS Cheonan’s 46 fallen sailors at the ROK Navy’s 2nd Fleet, then-South Korean President Lee Myung-bak visits the site of Cheonan’s sinking near South Korea’s Baengnyeong Island, March 30, 2010 | Images: ROK Presidential Office<\/a>, Presidential Archives<\/a>, edited by Korea Pro<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

GAPS IN POLICY IMPLEMENTATION<\/b><\/p>\n

While the new bill signals progress, the lack of clarity on its implementation has raised concerns. Choi expressed mixed feelings about the legislation\u2019s passage, noting that while it offers hope, there remains uncertainty over how the government will follow through on its promises.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThere\u2019s a lot of talk that makes it seem like there\u2019s extensive support, but the reality is far from that,\u201d Choi said. He called for more transparency in the support process and stressed the importance of including survivors in the planning stages.<\/span><\/p>\n

The veterans ministry told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i> that 21 of the 58 survivors remain on active duty, while 37 have been discharged as of Sept. 2024. Among the discharged, 34 applied for national merit status, with 28 receiving recognition, two denied and four applications still under review. The ministry did not explain the reasons for the two denials.<\/span><\/p>\n

Experts like Jihoon Yu, a research fellow at the Korea Institute for Defense Analyses, criticized the military\u2019s limited ability to provide support, citing restrictive regulations from higher-level institutions such as the veterans ministry.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThe current support for survivors is quite inadequate,\u201d Yu told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>. \u201cWhile there is consensus on the need for better treatment, regulations and systemic barriers continue to hinder progress.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

Then-South Korean President Lee Myung-bak and First Lady Kim Yoon-ok pay their respects to the fallen 46 sailors of the ROKS Cheonan during a joint memorial service, April 29, 2010 | Image: Presidential Archives<\/a><\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

MORE COMPREHENSIVE SUPPORT NEEDED<\/b><\/p>\n

Veterans and experts have called for significant reforms to South Korea\u2019s veterans care system, particularly regarding mental health treatment. Kim Seung-sup from Seoul National University argued that the military needs to take a more proactive approach to supporting trauma-affected soldiers.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cMental health treatment often involves significant out-of-pocket expenses, making it difficult for soldiers facing financial challenges to access necessary care,\u201d Choi said. He urged the government to actively identify veterans in need and provide them with support rather than waiting for them to come forward.<\/span><\/p>\n

Yu emphasized the importance of developing a more robust institutional foundation to guarantee comprehensive care for veterans, pointing to other nations, such as the U.S., as models for improving South Korea\u2019s veterans\u2019 support systems.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIt boils down to the simple fact that veterans\u2019 affairs reflect a nation\u2019s integrity,\u201d Yu told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>. \u201cSouth Korea must fulfill its duty to honor those who sacrificed for the country and their families.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Edited by John Lee<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Culture & Society<\/span><\/a>Defense & Security<\/span><\/a>Domestic Politics<\/span><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Fourteen years after the 2010 sinking of the ROKS Cheonan, survivors continue to struggle with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and mental health issues. These struggles reveal a deeper problem: the inadequate support provided to South Korean veterans who experience trauma. Despite the high-profile nature of the incident, where a North Korean torpedo sank the corvette […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10909,"featured_media":2206644,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[25,26,27],"yoast_head":"\nSouth Korea\u2019s Cheonan survivors still awaiting mental health support - KOREA PRO<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2024\/10\/south-koreas-cheonan-survivors-still-awaiting-mental-health-support\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"South Korea\u2019s Cheonan survivors still awaiting mental health support - KOREA PRO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Fourteen years after the 2010 sinking of the ROKS Cheonan, survivors continue to struggle with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and mental health issues. 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