{"id":2206348,"date":"2024-09-02T16:10:45","date_gmt":"2024-09-02T07:10:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/?p=2206348"},"modified":"2024-09-03T17:56:19","modified_gmt":"2024-09-03T08:56:19","slug":"south-koreas-new-nursing-act-faces-criticism-amid-fears-for-patient-safety","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2024\/09\/south-koreas-new-nursing-act-faces-criticism-amid-fears-for-patient-safety\/","title":{"rendered":"South Korea\u2019s new Nursing Act faces criticism amid fears for patient safety"},"content":{"rendered":"

South Korea\u2019s National Assembly <\/span>passed<\/span><\/a> the <\/span>Nursing Act<\/span><\/a> last Wednesday, set to take effect as early as June 2025. This new law aims to clarify the roles and legal status of Physician Assistant (PA) nurses in response to their growing responsibilities within the healthcare system.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

While the Act is intended to improve patient care by providing a legal framework for PA nurses, it has also raised concerns among healthcare professionals about potential risks to patient safety. These concerns stem from the lack of standardized education for PA nurses and the ambiguity surrounding their scope of practice.<\/span><\/p>\n

THE ROLE OF PA NURSES<\/b><\/p>\n

PA nurses in South Korea have traditionally operated without formal legal protection, often performing tasks that blur the lines between nursing and physician duties. These responsibilities include assisting in surgeries and providing direct patient care \u2014 tasks typically reserved for doctors.<\/span><\/p>\n

The new law\u2019s passage follows a significant increase in the number of PA nurses, largely in response to a shortage of medical residents caused by widespread protests over the government\u2019s decision to increase medical school quotas.<\/span><\/p>\n

According to <\/span>data<\/span><\/a> from the health ministry, the number of PA nurses rose by 57.4% in just four months, from 10,165 in March to approximately 16,000 in July. This surge has been driven by the need to fill critical gaps in patient care left by the departing medical residents.<\/span><\/p>\n

Chung Hye-sun, a professor of nursing studies at the Catholic University of Korea, has noted that while PA nurses frequently assist in surgeries and contribute to academic research, their responsibilities often go undocumented within hospitals.<\/span><\/p>\n

Chung added that this lack of documentation, combined with an unclear legal definition of their roles, creates uncertainty and risk for both PA nurses, the healthcare institutions that employ them and the patients that they treat.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

Nurses at the International Health Care Center of Yonsei Severance Hospital in 2014 | Image: Republic of Korea Flickr<\/a><\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

LEGAL RECOGNITION AND UNRESOLVED AMBIGUITIES<\/b><\/p>\n

The Nursing Act provides legal protection to PA nurses while they perform their medical tasks, but the law still does not clearly define the precise scope of PA nurses\u2019 work or establish standardized educational requirements across hospitals. This lack of clarity has led to concerns about the consistency of care provided and the potential for misunderstandings regarding healthcare providers\u2019 roles.<\/span><\/p>\n

Despite the formal recognition of advanced nurse practitioners in South Korea, who must meet specific qualifications outlined in the <\/span>Medical Service Act<\/span><\/a>, such as a minimum of three years of experience and two years of additional education, PA nurses do not enjoy the same level of legal status or standardized training.<\/span><\/p>\n

This discrepancy often leads hospitals to hire PA nurses instead of advanced nurse practitioners, primarily due to cost considerations, according to former nurses. The absence of a standardized framework for PA nurses raises concerns about patient safety and the quality of care across different healthcare settings.<\/span><\/p>\n

Additionally, while the Nursing Act mandates that physicians delegate tasks, such as surgery assistance, to PA nursing staff, potentially relieving some of the burdens on doctors and helping to distribute healthcare services more evenly across the system, some critics argue that the new law could lead to nurses taking over medical residents\u2019 responsibilities.<\/span><\/p>\n

Some critics have <\/span>reportedly compared<\/span><\/a> this shift to having flight attendants take over pilots\u2019 duties.<\/span><\/p>\n

Chung countered this concern, stating that the law is designed to \u201cenhance the healthcare system by better utilizing nursing professionals rather than undermining physicians\u2019 roles.\u201d She emphasized that the real issue has been the lack of legal protection for PA nurses, not their competence in handling these responsibilities.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

Medical professionals perform surgery | Image: Pexels<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

ONGOING CHALLENGES<\/b><\/p>\n

Despite the establishment of the new legal framework, significant challenges remain in effectively implementing the Nursing Act.<\/span><\/p>\n

Article 14 of the Nursing Act mandates that the health ministry will determine the specific criteria and details of PA tasks, as well as the standards and procedures for hospital-level medical institutions.<\/span><\/p>\n

To this end, South Korean health officials have identified 89 specific tasks for PA nurses through a <\/span>pilot program<\/span><\/a> launched in February, which aims to standardize their roles across hospitals nationwide.<\/span><\/p>\n

Under the <\/span>proposed regulations<\/span><\/a>, PA nurses with specialized certifications or at least three years of clinical experience and additional training will be allowed to perform tasks such as splinting, complex dressings, suturing, surgical assistance, tube insertion and the removal and cutting of sutures during surgery.<\/span><\/p>\n

However, these regulations also stipulate that PA nurses cannot independently conduct medical procedures requiring a physician\u2019s judgment, such as examinations, diagnoses, treatments or prescribing medications. These actions must be performed under a doctor\u2019s delegation or supervision after a professional assessment has been made by the physician.<\/span><\/p>\n

The ministry has yet to establish specific criteria for the duration of clinical experience, education, training programs and certification exams. This uncertainty has led to gaps in the current pilot program for PA nurses, as highlighted by a recent <\/span>survey<\/span><\/a> from the Korean Nurses Association.<\/span><\/p>\n

The survey revealed that some hospitals participating in the program had not conducted adequate PA training. Of the 151 medical institutions involved, 83% assigned nurses with less than three years of clinical experience to PA duties. Many nurses reported a lack of separate educational programs for medical support roles, with training sessions lasting only 30 minutes to one hour before nurses were assigned to these duties.<\/span><\/p>\n

The Korean Health and Medical Worker\u2019s Union has also raised concerns about the insufficient training for newly hired nurses assigned as PA nurses. They <\/span>argued<\/span><\/a> that the lack of adequate training and experience has led to PA nurses taking on high-risk and complex tasks typically performed by physicians, significantly increasing the risk of severe medical errors and endangering patients.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

Nurses rally in central Seoul for the implementation of a Nursing Act on May 19, 2023 | Image: Korean Nurses Association<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

FUTURE DIRECTION<\/b><\/p>\n

As South Korea\u2019s healthcare system adapts to these new changes, Chung from the Catholic University of Korea emphasized the need to closely monitor the implementation of the Nursing Act to ensure it achieves its intended goals.<\/span><\/p>\n

The health ministry has <\/span>indicated<\/span><\/a> plans to refine the Act through continuous observation of the pilot program and to clarify the distribution of tasks between doctors and nurses. This will be essential in reducing potential confusion and ensuring that the new legal framework enhances patient care without compromising their safety.<\/span><\/p>\n

Chung also noted the importance of educating patients about who provides their care and what their qualifications are to maintain trust and transparency within the healthcare system. Ongoing adjustments to the legislation and education systems, based on findings from the pilot program, will be crucial in preparing for the Nursing Act\u2019s full implementation in June 2025.<\/span><\/p>\n

Moreover, careful consideration and continuous adjustments will be necessary to ensure that this legislative change translates into improved patient care and a more efficient healthcare delivery system. Maintaining open communication between healthcare providers, policymakers, and patients will be key to achieving the law\u2019s intended outcomes.<\/span><\/p>\n

Edited by John Lee<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Culture & Society<\/span><\/a>Domestic Politics<\/span><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

South Korea\u2019s National Assembly passed the Nursing Act last Wednesday, set to take effect as early as June 2025. This new law aims to clarify the roles and legal status of Physician Assistant (PA) nurses in response to their growing responsibilities within the healthcare system.\u00a0 While the Act is intended to improve patient care by […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10909,"featured_media":2206350,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[25,27],"class_list":["post-2206348","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analysis","tag-culture-society","tag-domestic-politics"],"yoast_head":"\nSouth Korea\u2019s new Nursing Act faces criticism amid fears for patient safety - KOREA PRO<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2024\/09\/south-koreas-new-nursing-act-faces-criticism-amid-fears-for-patient-safety\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"South Korea\u2019s new Nursing Act faces criticism amid fears for patient safety - KOREA PRO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"South Korea\u2019s National Assembly passed the Nursing Act last Wednesday, set to take effect as early as June 2025. 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