{"id":2206148,"date":"2024-08-14T14:48:38","date_gmt":"2024-08-14T05:48:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/?p=2206148"},"modified":"2024-08-15T14:52:26","modified_gmt":"2024-08-15T05:52:26","slug":"electric-vehicle-fires-expose-risks-for-rok-of-relying-on-chinese-batteries","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2024\/08\/electric-vehicle-fires-expose-risks-for-rok-of-relying-on-chinese-batteries\/","title":{"rendered":"Electric vehicle fires expose risks for ROK of relying on Chinese batteries"},"content":{"rendered":"

A rash of <\/span>high-profile electric vehicle (EV) fires<\/span><\/a> has ignited concerns among the South Korean public about the safety of EVs, and the government responded on Tuesday by urging automakers and importers to <\/span>voluntarily disclose<\/span><\/a> the manufacturers of their EV batteries.<\/span><\/p>\n

But the measure is likely to focus attention on South Korea\u2019s heavy reliance on Chinese battery manufacturers, exposing critical supply chain vulnerabilities that threaten the competitive standing of ROK automakers in the global market.<\/span><\/p>\n

The controversy over the safety of EV batteries also risks contributing to geopolitical tensions as Seoul finds itself squeezed between China and the U.S., forcing South Korea to carefully consider how to adapt its supply chains for long-term economic success.<\/span><\/p>\n

DEPENDENCY ON CHINA<\/b><\/p>\n

South Korean automakers are deeply reliant on Chinese battery manufacturers. Among those that have voluntarily disclosed their EV battery information, about <\/span>35%<\/span><\/a> of their batteries are sourced from Chinese companies, including leading manufacturers like CATL and Farasis.<\/span><\/p>\n

This reliance is concerning given the strategic importance of battery technology in the global transition to electric vehicles. The heavy use of Chinese batteries highlights the dominance of Chinese firms in the global battery market.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

For instance, CATL accounted for nearly <\/span>26%<\/span><\/a> of the global non-China EV battery market in January, surpassing South Korea\u2019s LG Energy Solution, which held a 24% share.<\/span><\/p>\n

This dependency has gained <\/span>significant<\/span><\/a> media<\/span><\/a> attention<\/span><\/a> in the ROK as Chinese batteries have been linked to recent fires. <\/span>Farasis<\/span><\/a>, whose batteries were implicated in a fire involving a Mercedes-Benz EQE two weeks ago, had previously been cited as a reason behind a <\/span>2021 recall<\/span><\/a> by China-based BAIC of roughly 32,000 EVs.<\/span><\/p>\n

While there is no evidence to suggest that Chinese-manufactured EV batteries are more likely to combust than those made in other countries, disclosing such information risks eroding consumer confidence in brands that rely on these batteries.<\/span><\/p>\n

The lack of evidence notwithstanding, disclosing the use of Chinese batteries may damage automakers\u2019 brand reputation, which could translate directly into a decline in sales. For instance, the backlash from the Mercedes-Benz EQE fire may deter consumers from considering not only the company\u2019s vehicles but also other brands that use similar Chinese batteries.<\/span><\/p>\n

If South Korean consumers perceive that their domestic automakers are overly dependent on Chinese components, it could lead to a broader erosion of trust in these brands.<\/span><\/p>\n

Moreover, automakers that are unable to demonstrate a commitment to sourcing safe and reliable components may struggle to compete. The potential decline in sales due to reputational damage could have long-term consequences for South Korean automakers\u2019 profitability and global standing.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

An illustration of an electric vehicle being assembled | Image: Korea Pro<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

POTENTIAL DISRUPTIONS<\/b><\/p>\n

South Korean automakers, such as Hyundai and Kia, command about <\/span>67%<\/span><\/a> of the market share, so as pressure increases to disclose their EV battery information, they will likely have to diversify away from Chinese manufacturers.<\/span><\/p>\n

But sourcing alternative suppliers will likely involve significant delays and increased costs, particularly as the global battery market remains concentrated among a <\/span>few key players<\/span><\/a>. South Korea\u2019s domestic battery industry will not be able to replace Chinese imports, and automakers will have to seek alternative sources.<\/span><\/p>\n

This challenge is compounded by the stringent requirements set forth by international regulations, such as the <\/span>U.S. Inflation Reduction Act<\/span><\/a> (IRA), which incentivizes the use of non-Chinese components.<\/span><\/p>\n

The financial implications of such a shift could be considerable. Establishing new supply chains, particularly in regions with higher production costs, will likely lead to increased battery prices and more expensive electric vehicles, diminishing the competitiveness of South Korean automakers in domestic and international markets.<\/span><\/p>\n

Further, delays in securing alternative suppliers will likely slow production, eroding South Korean automakers\u2019 market share as global competition in the EV market intensifies.<\/span><\/p>\n

U.S.-CHINA TRADE TENSIONS<\/b><\/p>\n

Seoul\u2019s encouragement for automakers to disclose their EV battery sources comes amid heightened geopolitical tension between Washington and Beijing.<\/span><\/p>\n

The IRA incentivizes the use of non-Chinese components in electric vehicles, reflecting Washington\u2019s broader strategy to decouple from Chinese supply chains, particularly in critical industries.<\/span><\/p>\n

This law requires that <\/span>60% of battery components<\/span><\/a> be sourced from the U.S. or its free trade partners to qualify for U.S. tax credits for 2024 and 2025, with that figure increasing up to 100% by 2029. This stipulation directly impacts South Korean automakers, which are heavily reliant on Chinese batteries.<\/span><\/p>\n

South Korea finds itself caught between its strategic alliance with the U.S. and its deep economic ties with China.<\/span><\/p>\n

On the one hand, Beijing may view Seoul\u2019s transparency push, which aligns with U.S. interests, as detrimental to Chinese companies.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

On the other hand, continuing to rely on Chinese batteries would likely put South Korean automakers in Washington\u2019s crosshairs. They could be disqualified from further IRA-related tax benefits, and could also risk losing market share within the ROK as South Korean consumers increasingly distrust Chinese-sourced EV batteries.<\/span><\/p>\n

However, if South Korean automakers significantly push to diversify their supply chains, Beijing could take retaliatory measures, including reciprocal measures against South Korean exports.<\/span><\/p>\n

Given that South Korea sources a significant percentage of its <\/span>critical minerals<\/span><\/a> and battery components from China, any disruption in this trade relationship could have severe consequences for South Korean manufacturing and exports.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

An illustration of heavy machinery in an open pit mine | Image: Korea Pro<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

MARKET COMPETITIVENESS<\/b><\/p>\n

South Korea\u2019s position in the global EV market will likely be at risk if its automakers fail to swiftly adapt to the new disclosure suggestions. Chinese firms have leveraged economies of scale and state support to pursue an aggressive price-cutting strategy.<\/span><\/p>\n

For instance, Chinese company BYD <\/span>reportedly<\/span><\/a> slashed the prices of over 100 EV models by 5 to 20% earlier this year.<\/span><\/p>\n

But South Korean automakers will find it challenging to match their Chinese counterparts\u2019 aggressive pricing strategies. The need to diversify away from Chinese suppliers and the costs of establishing new supply chains will likely further strain their competitiveness.<\/span><\/p>\n

If South Korean companies like Hyundai and Kia are perceived as lagging in transparency or safety, they could lose market share to Chinese and other international competitors that can offer lower prices and similar or superior levels of quality.<\/span><\/p>\n

The broader economic implications will be significant if South Korea\u2019s automakers lose ground in the global EV market. A decline in the global competitiveness of its EV industry could have ripple effects across the economy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Given the country\u2019s reliance on Chinese components, the push for disclosure may compel South Korean automakers to balance the risks of supply chain disruption and reputational damage with the need to remain competitive in an increasingly aggressive global market.<\/span><\/p>\n

South Korea\u2019s ability to maintain consumer trust and assert its position in the global EV market will determine its future success.<\/span><\/p>\n

Edited by Bryan Betts<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Business & Economy<\/span><\/a>Domestic Politics<\/span><\/a>Inter-Korean & Foreign Relations<\/span><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A rash of high-profile electric vehicle (EV) fires has ignited concerns among the South Korean public about the safety of EVs, and the government responded on Tuesday by urging automakers and importers to voluntarily disclose the manufacturers of their EV batteries. 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