{"id":2205579,"date":"2024-06-25T19:15:35","date_gmt":"2024-06-25T10:15:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/?p=2205579"},"modified":"2024-06-26T18:47:04","modified_gmt":"2024-06-26T09:47:04","slug":"south-koreas-opposition-gains-upper-hand-in-legislative-power-struggle","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2024\/06\/south-koreas-opposition-gains-upper-hand-in-legislative-power-struggle\/","title":{"rendered":"South Korea\u2019s opposition gains upper hand in legislative power struggle"},"content":{"rendered":"

The ruling People Power Party (PPP) decided to <\/span>accept<\/span><\/a> its leadership of seven standing parliamentary committees on Monday, as well as the opposition\u2019s leadership of 11 committees, ending a monthlong <\/span>boycott<\/span><\/a> of National Assembly proceedings.<\/span><\/p>\n

While this move resolves the immediate impasse over committee assignments, it will likely lead to prolonged political tension and legislative inefficiency in South Korea.<\/span><\/p>\n

The opposition\u2019s dominance in crucial committees, particularly the <\/span>Legislation and Judiciary Committee<\/span><\/a>, means that it will be able to obstruct the passage of administration-backed bills, potentially affecting everything from economic reforms to foreign policy initiatives.<\/span><\/p>\n

PPP\u2019S COMPROMISE<\/b><\/p>\n

Following <\/span>April\u2019s parliamentary election<\/span><\/a>, the DP swiftly consolidated its power in the legislature. Earlier this month, the party <\/span>unilaterally selected<\/span><\/a> the chairs for 11 of 18 standing committees, including key panels such as the Legislation and Judiciary Committee.<\/span><\/p>\n

The 11 committees also include the Steering, Broadcasting, Education, Public Administration, Culture, Agriculture, Health and Welfare, Environment and Labor, Land and Budget committees.<\/span><\/p>\n

The PPP immediately denounced the DP\u2019s move as undemocratic and launched a boycott of all parliamentary proceedings, effectively paralyzing the National Assembly for nearly a month. It has been <\/span>customary<\/span><\/a> for the largest party to take the speaker position, with the second-largest party getting to chair the Legislation and Judiciary Committee.<\/span><\/p>\n

The PPP\u2019s decision to accept the leadership of seven standing committees likely stems from a mix of pragmatic and strategic considerations after it recognized the risk of being perceived as obstructionist by voters.<\/span><\/p>\n

PPP floor leader <\/span>Choo Kyung-ho<\/span><\/a> stated<\/span><\/a> that despite his dissatisfaction, he agreed the party would lead its seven committees to \u201cstop the DP\u2019s runaway actions.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

The seven committees allocated to the PPP are National Defense, Strategy and Finance, National Policy, Gender Equality and Family, Industry and Trade, Foreign Affairs and Unification and Intelligence.<\/span><\/p>\n

This allocation allows the PPP to maintain some oversight on key government functions, particularly in areas crucial to Yoon\u2019s agenda such as economic policy and foreign affairs.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

However, the party\u2019s influence remains limited due to the DP\u2019s control of the Legislation and Judiciary Committee, which has the power to approve bills before they are put to a plenary vote. With the DP at its helm, this committee can effectively block or substantially alter administration-backed legislation before it reaches the floor.<\/span><\/p>\n

Even when bills clear the committee stage, the DP\u2019s 170-seat majority in the National Assembly poses another hurdle as the minority ruling party, which with just 108 seats lacks the numbers to pass legislation without opposition support.<\/span><\/p>\n

This dynamic may result in policy stagnation, particularly in areas where the PPP and DP have significant differences.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

People Power Party leader Choo Kyung-ho announces his decision to accept leadership of seven standing parliamentary committees, June 24, 2024 | Image: People Power Party<\/a><\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

ECONOMIC UNCERTAINTY<\/b><\/p>\n

The parliamentary gridlock poses substantial risks to South Korea\u2019s economy. The Yoon administration has proposed several economic reforms, including <\/span>labor market flexibility<\/span><\/a> measures and <\/span>various tax cuts<\/span><\/a>, including corporate and inheritance taxes.<\/span><\/p>\n

The Strategy and Finance Committee, now under PPP control, may push for these reforms. However, those proposals must first go through the DP-controlled Legislation and Judiciary Committee before reaching a full vote.<\/span><\/p>\n

This legislative uncertainty creates an unpredictable environment for businesses and investors. Companies may delay major investment decisions or expansion plans, waiting for clarity on future economic policies. Foreign investors may view the political gridlock as a risk factor, potentially leading to reduced capital inflows or even capital flight in extreme scenarios.<\/span><\/p>\n

Moreover, failing to implement tax cuts could impact South Korea\u2019s ability to attract global capital, particularly when international investors can find less restrictive markets in <\/span>neighboring countries<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Additionally, the perception of political instability and policy uncertainty might negatively impact South Korea\u2019s sovereign credit ratings. Any downgrades would increase borrowing costs for the government and Korean companies, potentially slowing growth.<\/span><\/p>\n

INTENSIFYING POLITICAL POLARIZATION<\/b><\/p>\n

With the DP controlling key committees and holding a substantial majority, confrontations between the ruling and opposition parties may become more frequent and intense, further eroding the already limited space for bipartisan cooperation on critical national issues.<\/span><\/p>\n

The DP will likely initiate multiple investigations or hearings targeting administration officials. For instance, DP lawmakers used the Legislation and Judiciary Committee to <\/span>refer a special investigation bill<\/span><\/a> into a marine\u2019s death to its subcommittee despite the PPP\u2019s boycott. Yoon <\/span>vetoed<\/span><\/a> the Corporal Chae Special Counsel Act when the previous 21st National Assembly voted for it in May.<\/span><\/p>\n

The DP may also fast-track other contentious bills through the legislative process, including another attempt to investigate the first lady.<\/span><\/p>\n

With the ruling and opposition parties mindful of the 2027 presidential election, they may prioritize short-term political wins over long-term policy solutions, viewing every legislative battle through the lens of its impact on future electoral prospects.<\/span><\/p>\n

Moreover, this focus will likely lead to increased populist rhetoric and policy proposals at the expense of <\/span>necessary but politically unpopular reforms<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

The PPP faces a particularly challenging position. Its minority status limits its ability to showcase policy achievements, traditionally a key factor in presidential campaigns. The party may struggle to build a compelling narrative of effective governance, potentially weakening its position for the 2027 race.<\/span><\/p>\n

Conversely, the DP\u2019s dominant position carries its own risks. Overreach in its use of parliamentary power might lead to public backlash, particularly if voters perceive it as obstructing governance for political gain.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

Democratic Party leader Lee Jae-myung (center) and other party lawmakers gather at the National Assembly, May 30, 2024 | Image: Democratic Party of Korea<\/a><\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

FOREIGN POLICY IMPLICATIONS<\/b><\/p>\n

The DP\u2019s control of key parliamentary committees means that trade agreements, defense pacts and other international commitments requiring parliamentary approval will likely face scrutiny or rejection, potentially straining South Korea\u2019s relations with key allies and partners.<\/span><\/p>\n

For instance, the Yoon administration may find it challenging to maintain consistent foreign policy stances, particularly on sensitive issues like relations with North Korea or Japan or balancing ties between the U.S. and China.<\/span><\/p>\n

Additionally, the opposition may use its parliamentary majority to push for policy shifts or to block administration initiatives, potentially sending mixed signals to international allies and partners.<\/span><\/p>\n

For instance, the DP could propose a bill that strengthens restrictions on imports of <\/span>Japanese seafood<\/span><\/a>, citing lingering concerns over the <\/span>Fukushima nuclear disaster<\/span><\/a>. This would contrast sharply with Yoon\u2019s efforts to mend ties with Tokyo and could jeopardize recent agreements on economic and security cooperation.<\/span><\/p>\n

If such a bill passes despite administration opposition, it could create confusion in Washington and Tokyo about South Korea\u2019s actual policy direction, potentially complicating coordinated efforts on regional issues.<\/span><\/p>\n

Additionally, the DP could push legislation that requires the president to seek <\/span>parliamentary consent<\/span><\/a> before sending weapons and munitions to conflict zones, including Ukraine. Such a law could stymie the Yoon administration\u2019s ability to demonstrate its commitment to its Western allies and partners or counter <\/span>Russia\u2019s growing partnership with North Korea<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Moreover, the perception of political instability in Seoul may affect South Korea\u2019s standing on the global stage. International partners may question the country\u2019s ability to uphold long-term commitments or to respond effectively to regional security challenges. This could lead allies and partners to bypass Seoul on important regional or global matters.<\/span><\/p>\n

LAME DUCK<\/b><\/p>\n

Yoon faces significant challenges for the remainder of his term, which ends in 2027. As legislative gridlock persists, the resulting impasse may result in policy stagnation. This will likely force the administration to rely increasingly on executive orders to advance its agenda, potentially leading to legal challenges and further political tension.<\/span><\/p>\n

Foreign policy execution may become more complicated, with the potential for conflicting messages emanating from the executive and legislative branches.<\/span><\/p>\n

Economic policy implementation will likely face hurdles, potentially affecting South Korea\u2019s competitiveness and ability to respond to global economic shifts. Delays in necessary reforms or fiscal measures may impact economic growth and investor confidence.<\/span><\/p>\n

While the political reality demands a balance between cooperation and asserting policy priorities, Yoon\u2019s track record over the past two years has been characterized by a <\/span>reluctance to compromise<\/span><\/a> with the opposition.<\/span><\/p>\n

This history of confrontation, coupled with the new parliamentary power dynamics, creates significant uncertainty about the administration\u2019s ability to govern effectively.<\/span><\/p>\n

Edited by Alannah Hill<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Business & Economy<\/span><\/a>Defense & Security<\/span><\/a>Domestic Politics<\/span><\/a>Inter-Korean & Foreign Relations<\/span><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The ruling People Power Party (PPP) decided to accept its leadership of seven standing parliamentary committees on Monday, as well as the opposition\u2019s leadership of 11 committees, ending a monthlong boycott of National Assembly proceedings. While this move resolves the immediate impasse over committee assignments, it will likely lead to prolonged political tension and legislative […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10407,"featured_media":2205581,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[24,26,27,28],"class_list":["post-2205579","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analysis","tag-business-economy","tag-defense-security","tag-domestic-politics","tag-inter-korean-foreign-relations"],"yoast_head":"\nSouth Korea\u2019s opposition gains upper hand in legislative power struggle - KOREA PRO<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2024\/06\/south-koreas-opposition-gains-upper-hand-in-legislative-power-struggle\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"South Korea\u2019s opposition gains upper hand in legislative power struggle - KOREA PRO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The ruling People Power Party (PPP) decided to accept its leadership of seven standing parliamentary committees on Monday, as well as the opposition\u2019s leadership of 11 committees, ending a monthlong boycott of National Assembly proceedings. 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