{"id":2205342,"date":"2024-06-03T18:32:15","date_gmt":"2024-06-03T09:32:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/?p=2205342"},"modified":"2024-06-04T15:58:12","modified_gmt":"2024-06-04T06:58:12","slug":"debate-over-four-day-workweek-intensifies-as-south-korea-tackles-low-birth-rate","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2024\/06\/debate-over-four-day-workweek-intensifies-as-south-korea-tackles-low-birth-rate\/","title":{"rendered":"Debate over four-day workweek intensifies as South Korea tackles low birth rate"},"content":{"rendered":"

South Korea\u2019s low birth rate has sparked a national debate on the adoption of a four-day workweek as a potential solution. While the concept has garnered widespread support, with <\/span>80%<\/span><\/a> of adults expressing a positive outlook, it also raises concerns about potential salary cuts and increased operational costs for businesses.<\/span><\/p>\n

Although South Korean workers saw their average annual work hours <\/span>fall<\/span><\/a> in 2022, the country still lags behind other Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries, with salaried workers in OECD member countries working an average of about 1,719 hours annually in 2022, 155 hours less than their South Korean counterparts.<\/span><\/p>\n

WORK-LIFE BALANCE<\/b><\/p>\n

A <\/span>survey<\/span><\/a> by Saramin, a South Korean job portal, revealed that about 84% of adults view a four-day workweek positively, with about 72% stating their belief that it would help them achieve a more manageable work-life balance.<\/span><\/p>\n

Other reasons given included improved work efficiency (52%), better health management (32%) and the potential to boost the economy through increased domestic spending during off days (21%). Respondents also mentioned easier childcare (20%), increased job creation (16%) and the opportunity to increase income through side jobs (11%) as additional benefits.<\/span><\/p>\n

Cho Young-tak, the CEO of Hunet, the first South Korean company to implement a four-day workweek system, emphasized that the system should be viewed as a tool for improving productivity. He further noted that productivity in the knowledge service industry is more influenced by engagement than by working hours.<\/span><\/p>\n

Josh Bersin, a global human resources research analyst, agreed with Cho, stating that the four-day work system allows workers to find ways to \u201cimprove productivity and enable people to have more time.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Bersin explained to <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i> that more flexibility and controlled management of working hours could help reduce mental stress, create a better work-life balance, improve welfare and give people the time and freedom to have more children.<\/span><\/p>\n

A <\/span>survey<\/span><\/a> by Workplace Gapjil 119 \u2014 an organization that assists victims of office abuse \u2014 asked 1,000 office workers about policies to address South Korea’s low birth rate. The top responses were the introduction of an automatic paid parental leave system (28%) that would kick in immediately after one\u2019s maternity leave has been exhausted and the reduction of working hours (26%).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cAs all parents know, child-raising takes an enormous amount of time and energy from any employee. Since the four-day week gives employees more agency and flexibility, it could and likely will improve the birth rate,\u201d Bersin told Korea Pro.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lee Ki-dong, a new father, shared with <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i> that more flexibility in working hours would allow him to feel more in control of his life while caring for his family.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s not just about money. My job schedule doesn\u2019t allow me to spend time with my family, and I feel like I am missing out on a lot of things. If I can\u2019t spend time with my family, then what am I working for?\u201d Lee said.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

An illustration of people walking to work | Image: Korea Pro<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

COST FOR EVERY ACTION<\/b><\/p>\n

South Korea\u2019s Labor Standards Act initially mandated a six-day workweek, with each workday lasting no more than eight hours in 1953. The government reduced that to 44 hours in 1989.<\/span><\/p>\n

In 2000, the Kim Dae-jung administration proposed a 40-hour workweek, but it led to pushback from businesses. It took another 12 years for the South Korean government to declare Saturdays a non-working day before the five-day workweek became standard practice. That move reduced South Koreans\u2019 average annual working hours from more than 2,500 hours in 2000 to a little over 2,000 hours in 2010.<\/span><\/p>\n

Park Kyu Yong, a regional manager at Hyundai with more than 30 years of experience in the industry, shared his personal experience transitioning from a six-day to a five-day workweek with <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cAs soon as the company shifted to a five-day workweek, one of the first things I noticed was that I got a pay cut. I was younger then, and the pay cut made life challenging,\u201d he said.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cNow that I\u2019m older, I value getting time off more than I used to. But getting less pay is still a significant issue for workers,\u201d Park added.<\/span><\/p>\n

Park also said that a four-day workweek might also have unintended consequences for workers.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIf the government instates a four-day workweek, businesses would have to hire more people to maintain productivity levels, but that might strain their budgets. So, what\u2019s more likely is that businesses will likely push workers even more during the shorter workweek. It could lead to rushed jobs, which would increase stress and burnout while reducing job satisfaction,\u201d Park said.<\/span><\/p>\n

Park further explained that transitioning to a four-day workweek in the manufacturing industry poses significant challenges, including disruptions to production lines, decreased optimal machinery utilization, complex shift management and potential supply chain disruptions.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cImplementing a four-day workweek would be financially challenging as we cannot bear the labor costs alone. Wage cuts and support from the company would make it difficult to secure additional manpower, making further government financial support necessary,\u201d he said.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

Two people working in a cafe | Image: Viiince TheKing<\/a> via Flickr<\/a> (CC BY 2.0 DEED<\/a>)<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

PUSHBACK<\/b><\/p>\n

However, analyst Bersin argued that the four-day workweek system could boost business growth.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIn a typical 40 to 50-hour workweek, upwards of 25% of people\u2019s time is wasted in long meetings, unclear project responsibilities and other \u2018time-filling\u2019 activities. The companies that use the four-day week strategically all found that productivity went up (by single and sometimes double digital rates), employee retention went up significantly and quality of work and career growth increased,\u201d he said.<\/span><\/p>\n

He emphasized that by redefining productivity to consider factors like energy, focus and attention, companies have seen upticks in sales and revenue due to employees having more capacity to dedicate to their tasks and customers.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bersin acknowledged that not all businesses, such as hospitals and manufacturing plants, can tolerate reduced work hours. In these cases, he suggested that companies initially roll out the programs in white-collar industries and gradually move to more operational areas.<\/span><\/p>\n

A <\/span>survey<\/span><\/a> of 200 company executives revealed that about 85% believe the National Assembly should pursue labor reform legislation to enhance market flexibility, with more than half of executives prioritizing \u201cexpanding the flexibility of working hours.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

However, the same executives identified the four-day or four-and-a-half-day workweek as the single piece of legislation that could most negatively impact the labor market and labor-management relations.<\/span><\/p>\n

As the 22nd National Assembly begins its session, the debate over labor reform legislation, including the four-day workweek, will likely continue.<\/span><\/p>\n

Edited by John Lee<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Business & Economy<\/span><\/a>Culture & Society<\/span><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

South Korea\u2019s low birth rate has sparked a national debate on the adoption of a four-day workweek as a potential solution. While the concept has garnered widespread support, with 80% of adults expressing a positive outlook, it also raises concerns about potential salary cuts and increased operational costs for businesses. Although South Korean workers saw […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10781,"featured_media":2205347,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[24,25],"class_list":["post-2205342","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analysis","tag-business-economy","tag-culture-society"],"yoast_head":"\nDebate over four-day workweek intensifies as South Korea tackles low birth rate - KOREA PRO<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2024\/06\/debate-over-four-day-workweek-intensifies-as-south-korea-tackles-low-birth-rate\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Debate over four-day workweek intensifies as South Korea tackles low birth rate - KOREA PRO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"South Korea\u2019s low birth rate has sparked a national debate on the adoption of a four-day workweek as a potential solution. 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