{"id":2204898,"date":"2024-04-30T16:19:37","date_gmt":"2024-04-30T07:19:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/?p=2204898"},"modified":"2024-05-06T14:38:35","modified_gmt":"2024-05-06T05:38:35","slug":"south-koreas-spy-camera-epidemic-persists-despite-stricter-laws","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2024\/04\/south-koreas-spy-camera-epidemic-persists-despite-stricter-laws\/","title":{"rendered":"South Korea\u2019s spy camera epidemic persists despite stricter laws"},"content":{"rendered":"

The misuse of spy cameras in South Korea, which has instilled fear in women of being filmed without consent in public spaces, continues to be a significant societal issue despite the introduction of stricter laws in 2020.<\/span><\/p>\n

Many electronics stores continue to sell spy cameras openly, even though they have been at the center of a national debate for years. Calls to tighten controls on the sale of these devices have intensified, but efforts to pass relevant legislation have stalled in the National Assembly, leaving little hope for immediate progress.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cBefore using any public restroom, I check every corner for hidden cameras. It feels like my privacy is constantly under siege, not just in restrooms but everywhere,\u201d Kim Soo-hyun, a 39-year-old from Seoul, told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

National police data reveals a worrying trend in South Korea. The Korea Police Agency <\/span>reported<\/span><\/a> a 20% increase in illegal filming incidents from 2019 to 2022. However, the arrest rate for suspects in these cases dropped by 10% during the same period, a trend experts attribute to the challenges posed by increasingly sophisticated filming devices.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

Sejong City conducted surprise inspections with civilians and local patrols to eradicate illegal filming, focusing on public restrooms and other facilities, Nov. 8, 2021 | Image: Sejong City<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n

LIMITED REGULATIONS<\/b><\/p>\n

Spy cameras disguised as everyday items, such as car keys, clocks and USB drives, are widely available online and in stores, contributing to their potential misuse. In a recent incident, <\/span>high school students<\/span><\/a> were caught using camera-equipped pens to secretly film female teachers\u2019 bodies and installing miniature cameras in women\u2019s restrooms at their school.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lawmakers have repeatedly attempted to curb the misuse of spy cameras over the past decade. For instance, Democratic Party (DP) lawmaker Jin Sun-mee\u2019s <\/span>bill<\/span><\/a> proposes mandatory registration for sellers and buyers and requires reporting lost or stolen devices.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jin <\/span>emphasized<\/span><\/a> that the bill aims to track the usage and location of these cameras to aid in detecting misuse rather than banning them outright during a parliamentary debate. If passed, this legislation would make South Korea the first among advanced nations to regulate spy cameras.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ko In-seok, chair of the Korean Society of Legislation Studies and a professor at Hoseo University, advocates for the mandatory registration of spy camera traders.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIn the face of escalating digital sex crimes despite tougher penalties, there is no systemic alternative,\u201d Ko told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ko argues that a registration system would make regulating such devices manageable.<\/span><\/p>\n

However, critics argue that the bill could hinder technological advancement in the automotive, medical and defense sectors, where various forms of cameras are widely used. A ruling People Power Party lawmaker <\/span>once compared<\/span><\/a> the legislative move to \u201cburning down the house to catch a flea.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Although Jin\u2019s proposed bill excludes industrial-use cameras, such as those used for security or driving, it still encompasses cameras on drones, wearable devices and self-driving cars.<\/span><\/p>\n

A legislative review <\/span>raised concerns<\/span><\/a> that mandatory registration could suppress demand, potentially stifling new technology development, burdening small businesses and posing risks to privacy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Consequently, a series of bills submitted over three consecutive National Assembly sessions have been discarded without advancing to the stage of bipartisan review.<\/span><\/p>\n

Meanwhile, imports of modified microcameras have risen to meet growing domestic demand. Customs Office <\/span>data<\/span><\/a> shows that imports valued at $2.4 million in 2022 increased to $2.9 million in 2023.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

Korean Women’s Associations United held a press conference and performance to advocate against hidden cameras and digital sexual exploitation, Nov. 25, 2021 | Image: Korean Women’s Associations United<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n

SENTENCING DISPARITIES<\/b><\/p>\n

South Korea enacted <\/span>stricter sexual violence laws<\/span><\/a> in May 2020 in response to the \u201c<\/span>Nth room<\/span><\/a>\u201d incident, where women and girls were coerced into filming and sharing sexually exploitative content on Telegram.<\/span><\/p>\n

The revised statutes increased penalties for filming individuals without consent for sexual gratification, with a maximum of seven years in prison and fines up to $36,000 (50 million won). Additionally, those found possessing, sharing, or viewing such content face up to three years in jail and fines of $22,000 (30 million won).<\/span><\/p>\n

However, despite these stricter laws, South Korea continues to grapple with lenient sentencing practices. A <\/span>study<\/span><\/a> published in the Journal of Korean Criminological Studies revealed that 61% of defendants in first trials received suspended sentences. In comparison, only about 24% of cases resulted in fines, while only 15% resulted in imprisonment.<\/span><\/p>\n

The persistence of lenient penalties is exemplified by a case involving a university student caught filming a female peer in a shopping mall. Despite being caught for similar offenses four times prior, he was only fined for his latest violation, as reported by a university staff member, surnamed Park, interviewed by <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

In another incident, a 28-year-old office worker surnamed Kim expressed frustration over the protracted police investigation after being filmed in a public restroom by a man in his 20s.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThe longer the investigation went on, the more it felt like my initial shock was being overlooked or dismissed. I felt compelled to move on from the trauma rather than continue seeking justice,\u201d Kim said.<\/span><\/p>\n

The police officer overseeing the investigation allegedly told Kim that the perpetrator would likely face only a fine, leading Kim to question the value of pursuing the case and ultimately opt for a private settlement.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ko from Hoseo University attributed the lenient penalties to a cultural tendency to sympathize with young offenders, noting that many involved in illegal camera filming are teenagers or young adults.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThose who start with curiosity at a young age often evolve, exploring various methods of filming and moving on to more advanced devices,\u201d Ko explained, observing that while the crime rate per individual decreased, the total cases of illegal filming crimes increased.<\/span><\/p>\n

The 2023 sexual crime <\/span>report<\/span><\/a> from the Ministry of Justice supports the notion that lax enforcement of the law contributes to repeat offenses. The report found that illegal filming had the highest rate of multiple convictions at 64%, followed by forced sexual harassment (61%) and sexual harassment in public, crowded spaces (58%).<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

The Joint Countermeasures Committee for Telegram Sexual Exploitation staged a press conference and performance in front of Seoul’s Supreme Court, advocating for strict punishment of online sexual exploitation, April 14, 2021 | Image: The Joint Countermeasures Committee for Telegram Sexual Exploitation<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n

<\/div>\n

SOCIETAL ATTITUDES<\/b><\/p>\n

Despite enacting stricter laws against illegal filming, determining whether an act constitutes a crime heavily depends on the level of body exposure in the footage. This often deters cases from leading to actual punishment, according to Lee Hyo-rin, an activist from the Korea Cyber Sexual Violence Response Center, a local NGO that has been supporting victims of digital sex crimes since 2017.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cHarm should be assessed within the context of each case, meaning it\u2019s important to address whether the victim in the footage was sexually objectified, regardless of the extent of the victim\u2019s body exposure,\u201d Lee told Korea Pro.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cBut in reality, it matters a great deal whether or not the illegally filmed content includes a victim\u2019s private parts and whether or not they are exposed.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

To illustrate this point, Lee referenced a notable <\/span>case<\/span><\/a> in which a lower court initially acquitted a man who filmed a woman\u2019s leggings-covered legs without her consent. The court determined that the filmed content was insufficient to provoke prurient desire.<\/span><\/p>\n

The case lasted three years until the country\u2019s Supreme Court overturned the lower court\u2019s decision and fined the offender in 2021.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThere is room for growth in how legal interpreters understand what constitutes violence,\u201d Lee said.<\/span><\/p>\n

Experts have emphasized that despite implementing stricter laws, societal attitudes and values have not evolved accordingly, highlighting the need for intensified social campaigns and education.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cPeople still do not perceive it as a serious crime,\u201d Kwack Dae-gyung, a professor at Dongguk University\u2019s College of Police Administration and Criminal Justice, told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cCovertly filmed images are often treated as entertainment or leisure material, which stems from the entrenched objectification of sex and women.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Activist Lee agreed with this perspective, noting underlying issues with gender perceptions.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIn certain male circles, creating and sharing illegal recordings is seen as a means of asserting dominance and seeking approval, effectively turning these acts into a form of amusement for those involved,\u201d Lee said.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThis behavior maintains the problematic perception of women as lesser or subordinate.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Edited by John Lee<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Culture & Society<\/span><\/a>Domestic Politics<\/span><\/a>Technology & Cyber<\/span><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The misuse of spy cameras in South Korea, which has instilled fear in women of being filmed without consent in public spaces, continues to be a significant societal issue despite the introduction of stricter laws in 2020. Many electronics stores continue to sell spy cameras openly, even though they have been at the center of […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10781,"featured_media":2204985,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[25,27,29],"yoast_head":"\nSouth Korea\u2019s spy camera epidemic persists despite stricter laws - KOREA PRO<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2024\/04\/south-koreas-spy-camera-epidemic-persists-despite-stricter-laws\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"South Korea\u2019s spy camera epidemic persists despite stricter laws - KOREA PRO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The misuse of spy cameras in South Korea, which has instilled fear in women of being filmed without consent in public spaces, continues to be a significant societal issue despite the introduction of stricter laws in 2020. 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