{"id":2203864,"date":"2024-02-16T18:15:53","date_gmt":"2024-02-16T09:15:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/?p=2203864"},"modified":"2024-03-01T15:07:21","modified_gmt":"2024-03-01T06:07:21","slug":"pitfalls-and-prospects-for-south-koreas-unlikely-new-political-party","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2024\/02\/pitfalls-and-prospects-for-south-koreas-unlikely-new-political-party\/","title":{"rendered":"Pitfalls and prospects for South Korea\u2019s unlikely new political party"},"content":{"rendered":"

South Korea\u2019s four new minor parties merged this week, spearheaded by high-profile former leaders of ruling and opposition parties, creating a unique alliance that could break a vicious cycle of elections that focus on mudslinging, experts told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Experts generally assessed the launch of the New Reform Party (NRP) positively, interpreting it as a possible avenue for a new era of post-ideological political coalition capable of challenging the dominance of both major parties.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

However, some critics, including from the two major parties, have derided the merger as a haphazard “<\/span>hodge podge<\/span><\/a>” assembled solely for electoral gain due to the unusual combination of political figures from both sides of the aisle and ideologies that have historically stood apart.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Initial<\/span><\/a> polls<\/span><\/a> this<\/span><\/a> week<\/span><\/a> show<\/span><\/a> the NRP enjoying unexpected popularity. The party stands as the third most popular in the country less than a week after its establishment.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

However, the diversity within the NRP, from figures like Lee Jun-seok, known for his controversial anti-feminist remarks, to those with diametrically opposed views, suggests a challenging road ahead in terms of political rhetoric alignment.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

Lee Nak-yon (left) seated with then-President Moon Jae-in (right) at the Inclusive Nation Strategy Conference during his tenure as prime minister in Sept. 2018. | Image: Lee Nak-yon via Facebook<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n

WHAT\u2019S IN IT FOR DP DEFECTORS?<\/b><\/p>\n

Former DP leader and the Moon Jae-in administration\u2019s long-serving Prime Minister Lee Nak-yon, and Lee Jun-seok, the former PPP leader who headed the party during Yoon Suk-yeol\u2019s election campaign, both have things to gain and lose from this week\u2019s surprise merger.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

From the perspective of DP supporters, Lee Nak-yon\u2019s decision to join forces with Lee Jun-seok might seem counterintuitive given their widely different political backgrounds, policy views, and support bases.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

However, for Lee Nak-yon, this merger offers a chance to reclaim relevance in a political career that saw a decline in popularity after he lost to Lee Jae-myung in the previous presidential primary.<\/span><\/p>\n

In the past year, Lee Nak-yon has been a frequent target of criticism from Lee Jae-myung\u2019s avid supporters, who call the DP a party that has turned increasingly \u201cimmoral\u201d and insular, only existing to protect the interests of a scandal-ridden leader.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The merger allows the former prime minister to position himself as a mentor to the next generation of politicians and build a moral justification for going against the DP leader ahead of the midterm election, despite potential backlash from his progressive supporters for aligning with a right-wing figure like Lee Jun-seok.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

This strategic move suggests, however, that Lee Nak-yon sees more to gain from expanding his influence and embracing a new political paradigm than from maintaining his status quo within the traditional two-party structure.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

Former People Power Party leader Lee Jun-seok campaigns for then-presidential candidate Yoon Suk-yeol at Jeonbuk National University, March 8, 2022 | Image: People Power Party<\/p><\/div>\n

WHAT\u2019S IN IT FOR THE FORMER PPP LEADER?<\/b><\/p>\n

Lee Jun-seok, former leader of the conservative party who was ousted due to sexual bribery allegations, has more to gain from the merger in the immediate future.<\/span><\/p>\n

However, while the merger offers him a much-needed avenue to rebrand himself as a centrist force against an excessively president-led party, this realignment is not without costs.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

A significant concern for him would be the possibility of alienating his staunchly right-wing and anti-feminist male voter base, particularly by joining forces with figures like Ryu Ho-jeong of the Justice Party, known for her stances on gender equality.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Furthermore, in a surprise move on Friday, <\/span>Bae Bok-joo<\/span><\/a>, Justice Party vice-chairperson and a prominent activist for the rights of women and people with disabilities announced she had also joined the NRP, stating she was attracted by the party\u2019s \u201cinclusivity.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

In an effort to mitigate backlash from his traditional supporters, Lee Jun-seok has attempted to downplay the influence of Ryu’s gender-centric views within the NRP, suggesting that such perspectives “are unlikely to become the majority view of the party.” He also made party pledges on divisive issues such as <\/span>female<\/span> <\/a>military service and limiting free subway access for <\/span>elderly<\/span><\/a> citizens.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

But the young leader will need to tread carefully. Striving to maintain his newly aimed centrist image while reassuring his original base risks sending mixed signals \u2014 potentially appearing divisive rather than inclusive.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

While fraught with potential pitfalls, the merger led by 38- and 71-year-old politicians presents an opportunity for younger lawmakers to reshape future elections, experts told <\/span>Korea Pro.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

\"\"

Ballots are counted in Seoul during the 2022 presidential election, March 9, 2022 | Image: Korea Pro (file)<\/p><\/div>\n

WILL THE PARTY GO ON?<\/b><\/p>\n

The durability of the new party\u2019s post-election remains uncertain, as does the potential inclusion of additional members, and ending the two-party dominance under the current mixed-member proportional representation system appears challenging.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

However, if the NRP secures even a moderately significant portion of the proportional votes surpassing the 3% threshold necessary to gain seats in the legislature, it will earn proportional representation seats, per the current election rule.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The main challenge, however, is maintaining a centrist image and preventing rifts within the alliance of lawmakers until election day on April 10, experts told <\/span>Korea Pro.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Rhee Jong-hoon, a lead consultant for Politics & Business Consulting, told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i> that South Korean politics may soon enter a stage where old ideologies become increasingly \u201cless relevant\u201d to voter interests.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

He assessed that the new party has yet to establish a clear ideological identity \u2014 which might be a good thing and political capital it could utilize.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

It is notable that the party is focusing on policies to reform the country\u2019s socioeconomic environment tackling urgent real-life issues without \u201cadhering to traditional ideological narratives\u201d that have often plagued the National Assembly, Rhee said, referring to decades-old ideological divides between the left and the right.<\/span><\/p>\n

However, more contemporary rifts \u2014 such as those related to gender, age and social issues \u2014 could still pose challenges for the new party.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

Members of Korea Women\u2019s Associations United mark International Women\u2019s Day by protesting for gender equality, March 8, 2023 | Image: Korea Women\u2019s Associations United via Twitter<\/p><\/div>\n

A NEW ERA?<\/b><\/p>\n

Experts who spoke to <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i> agreed that despite challenges, the merger signals a possibility for South Korea to shift toward a more conducive political climate, where politicians are discouraged from pursuing hastily created populist promises for short-term partisan gains.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Park Sung-min, a political commentator and the founder of MIN Consulting, highlighted that the New Reform Party’s motives, aimed at creating distance from the entrenched politics of the country’s two major parties, may offer undecided voters a choice in the upcoming April elections.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s not just another minor party by nobodies. This is essentially a coalition of high-profile politicians against all of the establishment and the mainstreams \u2014 the People Power Party, the Democratic Party, Yoon Suk-yeol and Lee Jae-myung,\u201d Park told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lee Nae-young, a political science professor at Korea University, agreed, pointing to how the new party would target these voters who are \u201ccurrently disheartened\u201d by how the National Assembly operates inefficiently and unproductively, Lee said. <\/span>Polls<\/span><\/a> consistently<\/span><\/a> show<\/span><\/a> such people \u2014 those who do not support any parties \u2014 amount to <\/span>30%<\/span><\/a>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Conceived under such an environment, should the new merger party maintain its united front and prioritize policies over politicking, it holds promise to influence South Korea’s political landscape with a new set of electoral norms for politicians, experts said.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cElections used to involve intense framing battles to demonize political adversaries, and manipulation tactics between the two major parties are rampant,\u201d Rhee said. \u201cBut the NRP’s emphasis on the need for lawmakers to be more serious about introducing fiscally sound and practically feasible socioeconomic reform policies has left both parties scrambling to respond adequately.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Even if the new minor party does not win a significant number of seats at the National Assembly, its birth could still become a milestone in South Korean party politics if its popularity ends up pressuring the two major parties to recalibrate their legacy election strategies and focus on policy competition.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Edited by Alannah Hill <\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Culture & Society<\/span><\/a>Domestic Politics<\/span><\/a>Elections 2024<\/span><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

South Korea\u2019s four new minor parties merged this week, spearheaded by high-profile former leaders of ruling and opposition parties, creating a unique alliance that could break a vicious cycle of elections that focus on mudslinging, experts told Korea Pro. 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