{"id":2203603,"date":"2024-01-23T17:44:15","date_gmt":"2024-01-23T08:44:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/?p=2203603"},"modified":"2024-01-24T17:46:21","modified_gmt":"2024-01-24T08:46:21","slug":"experts-call-for-action-amid-south-koreas-rapid-demographic-change","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2024\/01\/experts-call-for-action-amid-south-koreas-rapid-demographic-change\/","title":{"rendered":"Experts call for action amid South Korea\u2019s rapid demographic change"},"content":{"rendered":"

As South Korea confronts a declining birth rate and a growing number of foreign residents, the Ministry of Justice has unveiled the \u201c<\/span>Fourth Foreigner Policy Basic Plan<\/span><\/a>.\u201d The plan aims to attract foreign nationals to counter the decreasing population and to promote social integration between Koreans and the growing immigrant community. However, experts told Korea Pro<\/em> that the government\u2019s measures are neither effective nor practical.<\/span><\/p>\n

More than 5% of the country\u2019s population now consists of foreigners, marking South Korea\u2019s transition into a multicultural, multi-ethnic nation. The justice ministry\u2019s plan is a response to these demographic trends.<\/span><\/p>\n

Despite these intentions, experts told Korea Pro<\/em> that the policies are insufficient when it comes to helping immigrants integrate into Korean society and do not adequately address potential social issues such as cultural conflicts and prejudices in a traditionally ethnically homogeneous country.<\/span><\/p>\n

GROWING FOREIGN POPULATION<\/b><\/p>\n

The composition of South Korea\u2019s population is undergoing a notable transformation, as evidenced by recent figures. Statistics Korea\u2019s \u201c<\/span>2023 Immigration Residency and Employment Survey<\/span><\/a>\u201d indicates that the foreign resident count has reached 1.43 million as of May, with foreign workers marking an unprecedented 923,000.<\/span><\/p>\n

This trend represents a notable increase from the previous year, with foreign residents and workers growing by 9.9% and 9.5% respectively. This figure marks the highest growth rate since the government began compiling relevant statistics in 2012.<\/span><\/p>\n

Factors <\/span>contributing<\/span><\/a> to this surge include relaxed COVID-19 restrictions, which have facilitated the entry of students and other individuals and led to a substantial rise in the <\/span>E-9 (non-professional employment) visa<\/span><\/a> quota. This quota, aimed at addressing labor shortages in sectors like manufacturing and agriculture, is set to <\/span>increase<\/span><\/a> by 51% as per the \u201c2024 Economic Policy Direction,\u201d suggesting a continued upward trend in the country\u2019s foreign workforce.<\/span><\/p>\n

Parallel to this, there\u2019s a noticeable increase in the number of \u201c<\/span>multicultural students<\/span><\/a>\u201d in Seoul’s elementary schools. These students, with at least one foreign parent, form an increasingly significant portion of the school population. This trend is particularly pronounced in some schools, where multicultural students constitute over 70% of the student body.<\/span><\/p>\n

This shift comes when South Korea\u2019s overall student population is experiencing a decline, reaching a record low of 50,000 this year due to the falling birth rates.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

Immigration line at an airport | Image: Canva<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

CULTURE CLASH<\/b><\/p>\n

Despite South Korea\u2019s status as a \u201cmulticultural country\u201d by Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development standards, <\/span>some argue<\/span><\/a> that Korean society is not prepared to coexist with foreign residents. Tensions between local citizens and newcomers have surfaced, primarily due to prejudice against people from different cultural backgrounds.<\/span><\/p>\n

A <\/span>Statistics Korea survey<\/span><\/a> released in September highlights this issue, revealing that approximately 19.7% of foreigners residing in South Korea reported experiencing discrimination in various public places over the past year, including at shops, banks and their places of work.<\/span><\/p>\n

Moreover, there has been a shift in attitude toward multiculturalism among Korean adults. The \u201cNational Multicultural Acceptance Survey\u201d by the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family indicates a <\/span>decline in the acceptance score<\/span><\/a> for non-Koreans, suggesting a growing hesitance towards a multicultural environment.<\/span><\/p>\n

This trend is mirrored in the <\/span>reluctance<\/span><\/a> of Korean parents to enroll their children in schools with a high proportion of multicultural students despite the increasing multicultural student population.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jeong Ji-yoon, a professor at Myongji University\u2019s Graduate School of Immigration and Multicultural Studies, advocates for a comprehensive educational approach. She emphasizes the necessity of multicultural education not only in academic settings but also in the workplace.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cKoreans\u2019 general negative perception of multiculturalism is largely due to a lack of education on the subject. As society grows more diverse, there\u2019s a pressing need for public education that fosters understanding and respect for different cultures,\u201d Jeong told Korea Pro<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Echoing this sentiment, Kim Jung-Yoon, the CEO of an education company, stresses the need for a central public system that fosters collaboration between schools, local communities, institutions and foreign residents to educate students about multiculturalism.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cMulticultural education programs often cause confusion, leaving many people unsure about what they\u2019re actually learning. For example, some might mistakenly think these programs are just about international business etiquette,\u201d Kim told Korea Pro<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s crucial for the government not only to invest significantly in multicultural education but also to ensure the programs have clear, well-defined goals and content that truly reflect South Korea\u2019s societal needs.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

A center official takes a commemorative photo of Korean language course graduates at the Korea Center for Foreign Workers\u2019 Support, July 2023 | Image: Korea Support Center for Foreign Workers<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

INSUFFICIENT GOVERNMENT MEASURES<\/b><\/p>\n

The \u201cFourth Foreigner Policy Basic Plan\u201d introduced the <\/span>Employment Visa Total Quota Pre-Announcement System<\/span><\/a>, designed to inform foreign workers about job opportunities in various sectors. In particular, the Ministry of Justice actively encourages foreign workers to enter caregiving fields like domestic services and nursing.<\/span><\/p>\n

The plan also aims to attract highly skilled immigrants, especially those with advanced degrees in science and engineering, by offering expedited pathways to permanent residency and naturalization. Concurrently, the ministry is planning to crack down on undocumented migrants. It aims to reduce their number from an estimated 420,000 to 200,000.<\/span><\/p>\n

However, experts argue that while these measures address the issues of aging, population decline and labor shortages, they do not provide adequate support for immigrants trying to settle in South Korea. Moreover, they contend that simply cracking down on undocumented migrants does not address the root causes that led to the problem in the first place.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jeong of Myongji University argued that the government should develop more effective systems to aid new arrivals in finding housing and employment opportunities.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cManaging the needs of hundreds of foreign workers is impractical for local government bodies,\u201d Jeong said. \u201cIt would be more practical for the government to train and employ professionals dedicated to supporting foreign workers \u2014 those already residing domestically and new arrivals.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIndividual businesses should then set up dedicated departments and hire those professionals to address foreign workers\u2019 concerns and grievances,\u201d she added.<\/span><\/p>\n

Experts also pointed out the need for measures to curb illegal employment, particularly among the growing number of international students in Korea who work alongside their studies. Jeong notes that current laws and policies can unintentionally push these international students into illegal residency despite their valuable cultural understanding and high potential as immigrants.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u200b\u200bThe government should grant work permits for international students to work off-campus. That will help to prevent unlawful employment. It\u2019s also important to minimize penalties like deportation when these students seek to extend or change their visas,\u201d Jeong said.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThe government should allow foreign students\u2019 work permits for off-campus employment to prevent illegal work activities. Efforts to reduce repercussions, such as departure orders for visa extensions or changes, are vital,\u201d Jeong said.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s essential to have specialized staff in academic institutions to manage international students who work off-campus. This will help foreign students balance their job responsibilities with their studies without worrying about their immigration status.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Edited by John Lee<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Business & Economy<\/span><\/a>Culture & Society<\/span><\/a>Domestic Politics<\/span><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

As South Korea confronts a declining birth rate and a growing number of foreign residents, the Ministry of Justice has unveiled the \u201cFourth Foreigner Policy Basic Plan.\u201d The plan aims to attract foreign nationals to counter the decreasing population and to promote social integration between Koreans and the growing immigrant community. However, experts told Korea […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10407,"featured_media":2203604,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[24,25,27],"class_list":["post-2203603","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analysis","tag-business-economy","tag-culture-society","tag-domestic-politics"],"yoast_head":"\nExperts call for action amid South Korea\u2019s rapid demographic change - KOREA PRO<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2024\/01\/experts-call-for-action-amid-south-koreas-rapid-demographic-change\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Experts call for action amid South Korea\u2019s rapid demographic change - KOREA PRO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"As South Korea confronts a declining birth rate and a growing number of foreign residents, the Ministry of Justice has unveiled the \u201cFourth Foreigner Policy Basic Plan.\u201d The plan aims to attract foreign nationals to counter the decreasing population and to promote social integration between Koreans and the growing immigrant community. 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