{"id":2203541,"date":"2024-01-19T18:47:58","date_gmt":"2024-01-19T09:47:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/?p=2203541"},"modified":"2024-01-22T18:21:14","modified_gmt":"2024-01-22T09:21:14","slug":"why-south-korea-remained-cautious-in-congratulating-taiwans-election-result","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2024\/01\/why-south-korea-remained-cautious-in-congratulating-taiwans-election-result\/","title":{"rendered":"Why South Korea remained cautious in congratulating Taiwan\u2019s election result"},"content":{"rendered":"

Taiwan\u2019s ruling Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) defeated the opposition Kuomintang (KMT) in this week\u2019s presidential elections, clinching a historic third term. This victory, celebrated in Western circles as a democratic triumph, has not resonated similarly in South Korea. Instead, Seoul\u2019s response is notably measured.<\/span><\/p>\n

South Korean media and experts have highlighted distinct concerns, starkly contrasting the jubilant reactions from the U.S. and Europe. Editorial boards across the ROK focused on the potential economic and security risks that Taiwan\u2019s anti-China leadership might precipitate.<\/span><\/p>\n

The central worry concerns the semiconductor market, a cornerstone of South Korea\u2019s economy, and the potential geopolitical tensions that could disrupt the region\u2019s security balance.<\/span><\/p>\n

Experts told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i> that Seoul\u2019s concerns are legitimate, and they said that the ROK will likely face increased international pressure to step up as a more proactive \u201cglobal pivotal state,\u201d advocating for democratic values alongside its partners while it concurrently attempts to avoid antagonizing Beijing.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

Taiwan’s President-elect Lai Ching-te thanks international leaders who congratulated his electoral win, Jan. 17, 2024 | | Image: Lai\u2019s official Facebook page<\/a><\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

SEOUL\u2019S SILENCE<\/b><\/p>\n

Lai Ching-te, the DPP candidate, secured the presidency by a slim margin, and the party lost its majority in the parliament by a single seat. Various international media outlets and government officials largely celebrated Taiwan\u2019s election results, with Lai acknowledging commendations from over 80 democratic \u201cpartner nations.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

However, South Korea\u2019s reaction was notably restrained. The absence of official congratulations from President Yoon Suk-yeol or either of the two major parties\u2019 leaders reflected the country\u2019s position, given the absence of formal diplomatic ties between Seoul and Taipei and the sensitive nature of relations with Beijing.<\/span><\/p>\n

Only a few anti-China lawmakers from the ruling People Power Party sent a <\/span>message<\/span><\/a> praising Taiwan\u2019s election results, labeling them a \u201cmodel of brilliant democracy.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

South Korea\u2019s other regional neighbors did not mirror its cautious approach. For instance, Japan sent a congratulatory message to Taiwan, which elicited sharp criticism from Beijing. A Chinese foreign ministry spokesperson stated that Tokyo should repent for its colonial history.<\/span><\/p>\n

Similarly, Beijing and Manila have exchanged sharp words for days after Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos sent Taiwanese President-elect Lai Ching-te a congratulatory note on his victory.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

China\u2019s staunch insistence on its One China Policy and how these commendations interfere with its internal affairs highlights why South Korea may be choosing to take a measured response.<\/span><\/p>\n

EDITORIALS<\/b><\/p>\n

So far, there are no comprehensive surveys detailing South Korean citizens\u2019 perspectives on Taiwan\u2019s election outcome. However, the editorial boards of South Korea\u2019s leading newspapers have offered views that might indicate the public\u2019s sentiment toward these developments.<\/span><\/p>\n

From <\/span>conservative<\/span><\/a> to <\/span>progressive<\/span><\/a> outlets<\/span><\/a>, a common narrative in the editorials highlights South Koreans\u2019 apprehensions about the potential repercussions of the DPP\u2019s victory on the country\u2019s diplomatic stance, security framework and supply chain networks.<\/span><\/p>\n

Among the country\u2019s three largest conservative publications, only the <\/span>Chosun Ilbo<\/span><\/i><\/a> newspaper highlighted Taiwan\u2019s refusal to \u201csuccumb\u201d to China\u2019s intimidation tactics, suggesting that there are valuable lessons for South Korea in Taiwan\u2019s resolve.<\/span><\/p>\n

The <\/span>Dong-A Ilbo<\/span><\/i><\/a>, another conservative newspaper, articulated concerns about how Taiwan\u2019s continued alignment with the U.S. and its stance against Beijing might \u201ctest\u201d Seoul\u2019s diplomatic acumen in safeguarding its security interests and its vital semiconductor sector.<\/span><\/p>\n

This theme of <\/span>caution<\/span><\/a> and the anticipation of potential <\/span>challenges<\/span><\/a> were echoed across the board \u2014\u00a0 articulating concerns about looming security <\/span>crises<\/span><\/a> and the <\/span>potential<\/span><\/a> impacts on South Korea\u2019s <\/span>economic<\/span><\/a> stability and <\/span>geopolitical<\/span><\/a> interests.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

South Korean President Yoon Suk-yeol and U.S. President Joe Biden stand side-by-side at the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework for Prosperity Summit in San Francisco, Nov. 16, 2023 | Image: ROK Presidential Office<\/a>\u00a0<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

SECURITY CALCULATIONS<\/b><\/p>\n

The gap in South Korea\u2019s response to Taiwan\u2019s election, compared to the more enthusiastic global reaction, shows that Seoul\u2019s approach is based on security calculations \u2014 and for good reason, many experts told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s rare to frame any election as a battle between democratic and authoritarian forces, even among Western countries,\u201d Kim Tae-hyung, a professor of political science at Soongsil University, told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cSouth Korea\u2019s semiconductor industry might benefit by Seoul balancing its relations with Beijing and Taipei, but at this moment, it is better to show restraint and strategize.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cSouth Korea doesn\u2019t have to take action [to congratulate Taiwan] immediately. That doesn\u2019t mean that it should be indifferent about it, either. But it should keep a close eye on how the situation develops,\u201d said Lee Tai-hwan, an honorary research fellow at the Sejong Insitute.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jung Sung-chul, an assistant professor of political science and diplomacy at Myongji University, contextualized South Korea\u2019s muted response within its broader diplomatic strategy, particularly the emphasis on nurturing the ROK-Japan-China relationship.<\/span><\/p>\n

He pointed out Seoul\u2019s priority this year is to improve ties with Beijing to avoid appearing as though it is aligning with Washington and Tokyo to contain Beijing, especially after U.S.-ROK-Japan ties saw significant developments last year.<\/span><\/p>\n

These experts agreed that the South Korean government\u2019s decision to refrain from issuing congratulatory messages was prudent, considering the potential for escalated tensions in the Taiwan Strait that could disrupt crucial supply chains and impose military strain on South Korea.<\/span><\/p>\n

LEGITIMATE CONCERNS<\/b><\/p>\n

Andrew Yeo, the SK-Korea Foundation chair at the Brookings Institution\u2019s Center for East Asia Policy Studies, told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i> that Washington understands South Korea\u2019s cautious stance.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cI think, traditionally, South Koreans are probably more comfortable with the KMT because the camp aligns more closely with how Korea has tried to navigate its relations with Beijing,\u201d Yeo explained.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cAnd my sense is that Korea wants to reach out to China this year. Seoul was very much focused on the U.S.-Korea alliance last year,\u201d Yeo said, agreeing with Jung.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cBut South Korea-China relations weren\u2019t really moving forward or going anywhere. And I think Korea would like to try to engage China more as it saw that the Biden administration was doing the same,\u201d Yeo stated.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hoo Chiew-Ping, a co-founder and senior fellow at the East Asian International Relations Caucus, told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i> that China\u2019s strong response to congratulatory messages from Japan and the Philippines has \u201cobviously contributed\u201d to South Korea\u2019s reserved stance.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cGiven how desperate South Korea is trying to be on good footing with China and not worsen it, this should be understood from a pragmatic point of view,\u201d Hoo said.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Economic considerations, particularly the semiconductor sector, are critical to South Korea\u2019s foreign policy. The prominence of the Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) as a formidable competitor to South Korea\u2019s Samsung underlines their intense competition.<\/span><\/p>\n

Beyond industrial competition, the potential for economic retaliation from China, as evidenced by past incidents following Seoul\u2019s deployment of the Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) system, remains a significant concern for South Korea.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cAs audacious as President Yoon\u2019s rhetoric and policy maneuvering might be, he pledged \u2018no additional [THAAD] deployment is necessary\u2019 just to pacify China,\u201d Hoo explained.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cWhile the ROK is diversifying its supply chain networks to mitigate further punitive economic actions from China, part of Seoul\u2019s policy circuit still wishes to warm up ties with China because it is very slow for such an economic diversification strategy to work.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

South Korean President Yoon Suk-yeol with U.S. President Joe Biden in May. 2022 (left) and with Chinese leader Xi Jinping in Nov. 2022 (right). | Image: ROK Presidential Office, edited by Korea Pro<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

GLOBAL PIVOT: BUT CAN ROK DO MORE?<\/b><\/p>\n

However, Hoo told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i> that Beijing already perceives Yoon to have overstepped with regard to Taiwan.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cChina takes South Korea\u2019s intention to contribute to \u2018peace in the Taiwan Strait\u2019 seriously and considers that South Korea has crossed the red line,\u201d she said.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cEven if South Korea only supplies logistical support to U.S. and Japanese operations in the Taiwan Strait, there would be no going back to normal relations.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

However, Yeo of Brookings explained that South Korea\u2019s democratic partners will ultimately expect South Korea to be more explicit in supporting democratic values.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cI actually think the ROK should congratulate [Taiwan]. The Yoon government\u2019s \u2018global pivotal state\u2019 is really about ensuring values-based diplomacy, talking about freedom and hosting the Summit for Democracy,\u201d Yeo said.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cI think South Korea should recognize that Taiwan ran a smooth and successful election, but again, I can understand why the foreign ministry and the president would be cautious about repercussions from China.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

While Yeo credited Seoul for its efforts to make itself \u201cmore visible\u201d in the past year through alignment with the U.S., the E.U, NATO partners and other liberal democracies, he also pointed out that Seoul has been hesitant to speak up on issues such as Xinjiang or take proactive measures to advocate for human rights in Myanmar or Ukraine.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cOf course, Seoul has talked more about North Korean human rights. That’s one of the big shifts from the previous government, and they should get credit for that. But in other areas, especially those concerning China, it hasn\u2019t really been front and center in addressing those issues,\u201d Yeo stated.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cCan South Korea do more? Certainly, the answer is yes, it could be doing more.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Edited by John Lee<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Defense & Security<\/span><\/a>Inter-Korean & Foreign Relations<\/span><\/a>Technology & Cyber<\/span><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Taiwan\u2019s ruling Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) defeated the opposition Kuomintang (KMT) in this week\u2019s presidential elections, clinching a historic third term. This victory, celebrated in Western circles as a democratic triumph, has not resonated similarly in South Korea. Instead, Seoul\u2019s response is notably measured. South Korean media and experts have highlighted distinct concerns, starkly contrasting […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10909,"featured_media":2203548,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[26,28,29],"class_list":["post-2203541","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analysis","tag-defense-security","tag-inter-korean-foreign-relations","tag-technology-cyber"],"yoast_head":"\nWhy South Korea remained cautious in congratulating Taiwan\u2019s election result - Korea Pro<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2024\/01\/why-south-korea-remained-cautious-in-congratulating-taiwans-election-result\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Why South Korea remained cautious in congratulating Taiwan\u2019s election result - Korea Pro\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Taiwan\u2019s ruling Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) defeated the opposition Kuomintang (KMT) in this week\u2019s presidential elections, clinching a historic third term. 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