{"id":2203515,"date":"2024-01-17T18:09:27","date_gmt":"2024-01-17T09:09:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/?p=2203515"},"modified":"2024-01-18T19:56:16","modified_gmt":"2024-01-18T10:56:16","slug":"why-south-korean-semiconductor-firms-face-opportunities-and-pitfalls-in-japan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2024\/01\/why-south-korean-semiconductor-firms-face-opportunities-and-pitfalls-in-japan\/","title":{"rendered":"Why South Korean semiconductor firms face opportunities and pitfalls in Japan"},"content":{"rendered":"

On Dec. 21, Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida announced that Tokyo would collaborate with Samsung Electronics, South Korea\u2019s largest tech firm, to establish a semiconductor research facility in Yokohama, a venture valued at $281 million of which Japan will fund up to $135.7 million.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

While this initiative represents Japan\u2019s <\/span>commitment<\/span><\/a> to bolstering its supply chains and economic security, it simultaneously presents a spectrum of operational and strategic risks for South Korean companies like Samsung entering the Japanese market.<\/span><\/p>\n

This collaboration reflects a notable step in Japan\u2019s engagement with foreign technology firms, as seen in its support for Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) and its semiconductor fabrication plant in Kumamoto, a province on the western edge of Japan.<\/span><\/p>\n

However, the policy has prompted <\/span>internal discussions<\/span><\/a> in Tokyo about the strategic <\/span>direction of Japan\u2019s semiconductor industry<\/span><\/a>, particularly in the context of competing with global players and addressing past shortcomings.<\/span><\/p>\n

Further, Tokyo\u2019s openness to foreign investment brings with it a set of challenges rooted in the complex dynamics of regional politics and the evolving landscape of economic policies. For South Korean firms like Samsung Electronics, entering the Japanese market entails navigating these challenges, while Japan\u2019s evolving policies and market conditions could pose challenges in the long term.<\/span><\/p>\n

LATENT RISKS<\/b><\/p>\n

Tokyo\u2019s decision to collaborate with Samsung Electronics is part of a broader narrative involving significant geopolitical shifts and strategic alignments.<\/span><\/p>\n

The establishment of the \u201cFab 4\u201d or \u201cChip 4\u201d alliance by the U.S., which includes South Korea, Japan, and Taiwan, signifies a concerted effort to create a self-sufficient loop in semiconductor production, aiming to reduce reliance on Chinese imports. Further, major global chipmakers committed to multi-billion-dollar investments in Japan during the Hiroshima G7 Summit in May, a decision that excluded Chinese firms.<\/span><\/p>\n

Japan\u2019s <\/span>rationale<\/span><\/a> behind these alliances and investments is to cement its position in the global semiconductor value chain and to leverage foreign direct investment, including from South Korea, to strengthen its economic and technological infrastructure.<\/span><\/p>\n

This approach is also a response to the increasing Chinese pressure on Taiwan, spotlighting a role for South Korean semiconductor manufacturers in Japan\u2019s and the U.S.\u2019 market strategies.<\/span><\/p>\n

However, Japan\u2019s welcoming of foreign investment and collaboration in this sector is not without potential risks. While the short-term benefits of such partnerships may seem evident, Japan has in place policy measures that could, in the long run, shift the dynamics of production capacity and competition in favor of Japanese firms.<\/span><\/p>\n

These measures, designed to protect the national security interests of Japan\u2019s semiconductor industry, could introduce significant risks for South Korean companies like Samsung Electronics. The possibility that Japan might invoke these policy measures, particularly in scenarios perceived as threats to its national or economic security, represents a latent risk.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida (center) speaks at a public-private sector meeting to promote investment in Japan, Dec. 21, 2023 | Image: Prime Minister’s Office of Japan<\/a><\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

DOUBLE-EDGED SWORD<\/b><\/p>\n

Like most East Asian economies, Japan does not shy away from government intervention in the economy, posing legal challenges for South Korean semiconductor firms.<\/span><\/p>\n

The Japanese government\u2019s previous actions, such as its <\/span>intervention<\/span><\/a> during Toshiba\u2019s sale of its flash-memory chip division in 2017 and the <\/span>acquisition<\/span><\/a> of JSR Corp by Japan Investment Corp last year, highlight Tokyo\u2019s strategy to strengthen the nation\u2019s self-reliance through a series of state-backed acquisitions of domestic firms vital to its semiconductor supply chain.<\/span><\/p>\n

These moves, alongside the establishment of <\/span>new fabrication plants<\/span><\/a> by public-private consortiums like Japan\u2019s state-backed Rapidus, signal Tokyo\u2019s intent to bolster its semiconductor sector internally.<\/span><\/p>\n

For foreign companies like those from South Korea, navigating this environment means facing a dual role of the Japanese government: as an enabler of foreign investment and a guardian of domestic interests. This balance is particularly precarious in sectors deemed crucial to national security, like semiconductors.<\/span><\/p>\n

Further, Japan\u2019s <\/span>announcement<\/span><\/a> during the G7 summit in May that it would bring in more foreign chipmakers was made only one month after Tokyo announced that it would expand its foreign direct investment screening regime to include semiconductors.<\/span><\/p>\n

While screening regimes cannot be used retroactively, the inclusion of semiconductors within the scope of Japanese national security means that they pose further risks to South Korean firms that seek to establish fabrication plants and advanced research institutions in Japan. Possible repercussions range from financial agreement adjustments to more severe actions such as business license revocations or the expropriation of physical and intellectual properties.<\/span><\/p>\n

It is worth noting that while diplomatic relations between the ROK and Japan have improved significantly since last year, constant shifts within the two countries\u2019 domestic political spheres mean that the current warm ties might not last indefinitely. The fluctuating nature of ROK-Japan ties poses a distinct challenge for South Korean companies.<\/span><\/p>\n

Political shifts in either country could abruptly change the business landscape, with companies potentially facing increased scrutiny or allegations of technological theft or industrial espionage. Future governments in Japan might adopt stricter measures if they perceive Korean chipmakers as a security risk.<\/span><\/p>\n

Such a scenario could lead to the implementation of stringent policies in both countries \u2014 a reality that companies must be prepared for.<\/span><\/p>\n

For conglomerates like Samsung Electronics, with its robust legal and financial foundations, navigating these risks might be part of their business strategies. However, that will not hold true for smaller firms considering entering the Japanese market.<\/span><\/p>\n

While investment incentives might appear appealing initially, the sensitive nature of technology sectors will require a thorough evaluation of long-term risks and geopolitical sensitivities.<\/span><\/p>\n

NOBLESSE OBLIGE<\/b><\/p>\n

In this context, the example of TSMC in Kumamoto is noteworthy. Beyond the employment of 1,700 Japanese workers and economic activity resulting from the new fabrication plant, which has been marketed at $2.3 billion, TSMC has also made significant economic contributions and efforts to integrate into the local community.<\/span><\/p>\n

For instance, the company <\/span>intends to finance<\/span><\/a> the construction of a new metro station to further stimulate local economic growth and ease Kumamoto residents\u2019 commute, showcasing a model of corporate responsibility that extends beyond the factory floor.<\/span><\/p>\n

This raises questions about Samsung Electronics\u2019 strategy for community integration and local investment in Japan. At a time when economic nationalism is on the rise and countries are increasingly protective of their national interests, such gestures of local investment may elicit a negative response from South Koreans.<\/span><\/p>\n

Prospects of South Korean citizens\u2019 negative reaction to their nation\u2019s largest conglomerate investing in Japanese infrastructure, particularly in a period of <\/span>modest economic growth<\/span><\/a>, will likely impact Samsung\u2019s considerations.<\/span><\/p>\n

For South Korean semiconductor firms like Samsung Electronics, venturing into the Japanese market is fraught with inherent risks. These firms must navigate a financial and geopolitical landscape where the benefits of foreign investment must be carefully weighed against domestic sentiments and the intricacies of international relations.<\/span><\/p>\n

Edited by John Lee<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Business & Economy<\/span><\/a>Inter-Korean & Foreign Relations<\/span><\/a>Technology & Cyber<\/span><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

On Dec. 21, Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida announced that Tokyo would collaborate with Samsung Electronics, South Korea\u2019s largest tech firm, to establish a semiconductor research facility in Yokohama, a venture valued at $281 million of which Japan will fund up to $135.7 million.\u00a0 While this initiative represents Japan\u2019s commitment to bolstering its supply chains […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10407,"featured_media":2203516,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[24,28,29],"class_list":["post-2203515","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analysis","tag-business-economy","tag-inter-korean-foreign-relations","tag-technology-cyber"],"yoast_head":"\nWhy South Korean semiconductor firms face opportunities and pitfalls in Japan - KOREA PRO<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2024\/01\/why-south-korean-semiconductor-firms-face-opportunities-and-pitfalls-in-japan\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Why South Korean semiconductor firms face opportunities and pitfalls in Japan - 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