{"id":2203359,"date":"2024-01-05T14:30:41","date_gmt":"2024-01-05T05:30:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/?p=2203359"},"modified":"2024-01-08T17:03:03","modified_gmt":"2024-01-08T08:03:03","slug":"assassination-attempt-on-opposition-leader-signals-decaying-political-culture","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2024\/01\/assassination-attempt-on-opposition-leader-signals-decaying-political-culture\/","title":{"rendered":"Assassination attempt on opposition leader signals decaying political culture"},"content":{"rendered":"

An assassination attempt on main opposition Democratic Party (DP) leader Lee Jae-myung on Tuesday has brought to the forefront concerns about the health and direction of the nation\u2019s political culture.<\/span><\/p>\n

Following the attack, local media and online commentators quickly began speculating about which party might benefit electorally, the assailant\u2019s potential political affiliation and the impact on Lee\u2019s position within his party. Some commentators even delved into unverified conspiracy theories.<\/span><\/p>\n

However, experts speaking to <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i> suggest that these immediate reactions miss the more critical issue. They assess that the most pressing problem is that the incident indicates a deteriorating political culture in South Korea.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

ASSASSINATION ATTEMPT<\/b><\/p>\n

Lee Jae-myung was meeting with supporters in Busan on Tuesday when a man, 67, later identified by only his surname Kim, approached Lee under the guise of seeking an autograph. A livestreamed video of the event captured the moment when Kim stabbed Lee in the neck with an 8-inch blade.<\/span><\/p>\n

Around <\/span>50 police officers<\/span><\/a> tasked with general security were in the vicinity, but none were specifically assigned to Lee\u2019s personal protection.<\/span><\/p>\n

After authorities apprehended Kim, he <\/span>reportedly<\/span><\/a> confessed his intention to murder Lee, confirming that his actions were premeditated.<\/span><\/p>\n

Following the attack, Lee remained conscious but was in urgent need of medical attention. He was initially taken to a hospital in Busan and then transferred via emergency helicopter to Seoul National University Hospital.<\/span><\/p>\n

The attending <\/span>surgeon<\/span><\/a> later reported that Lee had sustained a half-inch (1.4-centimeter) stab wound above his thoracic salivary muscle, explaining that the attack severely damaged the inner vein below the muscle. Lee is currently recovering from his injuries in the Seoul hospital.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

Police personnel in Seoul, Jan. 18, 2023 | Image: Korea Pro<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

CONSPIRACY THEORIES<\/b><\/p>\n

In the aftermath of the attack, a wave of conspiracy theories flooded online platforms. Far-right figures accused the DP of staging the incident for electoral gain ahead of April\u2019s general elections. Some even suggested that Lee personally orchestrated the event to delay his trial for alleged corruption.<\/span><\/p>\n

Conversely, those on the left suggested that the Yoon Suk-yeol administration had masterminded the attack against Lee, who was previously Yoon\u2019s chief rival during the last presidential election. These claims, like those from the far-right, are unsubstantiated.<\/span><\/p>\n

The speculation extended to the assailant\u2019s political affiliations. Major news outlets, citing anonymous sources, reported that the assailant had identified as a conservative before joining the DP in April 2022, just a month before the last presidential election.<\/span><\/p>\n

There were also reports, based on police sources, suggesting that the attacker joined the DP to monitor Lee\u2019s movements, having followed him on multiple occasions prior. Interviews with the assailant\u2019s acquaintances painted a mixed picture of his political leanings, with some describing him as progressive and others recalling his participation in right-wing protests.<\/span><\/p>\n

PAST PRECEDENT<\/b><\/p>\n

The attack on Lee is not an isolated incident. Other political figures have also been targeted, including former President Park Geun-hye in 2006 when she was the leader of the Grand National Party. An assailant attacked her with a utility knife. Similarly, another attacker assaulted former DP leader Song Young-gil in 2022 with a hammer.<\/span><\/p>\n

These types of attacks have also affected foreign dignitaries, as exemplified by the knife attack against Mark Lippert, a former U.S. ambassador to the ROK, in 2015.<\/span><\/p>\n

Historically, South Korean politics have witnessed various forms of violence, including fistfights, egg-throwing and even more extreme actions like acid attacks and assassination attempts by the Korean Central Intelligence Agency, the predecessor to the National Intelligence Service.<\/span><\/p>\n

However, such life-threatening attacks have been less frequent in the years following democratization. Consequently, the police have not provided comprehensive personal protection details unless requested.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cPoliticians are facing a dilemma,\u201d Wonjae Lee, a professor of economic sociology at KAIST, told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>. \u201cThey must be accessible to the public, but this can jeopardize their safety, especially during periods of heightened political tension,\u201d he said.<\/span><\/p>\n

The dilemma also extends to providing equitable security measures for major and minor political party leaders.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cSetting a standard for how much protection ought to be designated for well-known and lesser-known political leaders is difficult,\u201d he added.<\/span><\/p>\n

However, what differentiates the assassination attempt on Lee Jae-myung from past attacks on other political leaders is the <\/span>increased<\/span><\/a> potential for it to inspire <\/span>copycat<\/span><\/a> crimes. Following the incident, threats of assassination were directed at interim PPP leader Han Dong-hoon, leading to an immediate arrest.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

Democratic Party leader Lee Jae-myung greets supporters near former President Roh Moo-hyun’s gravesite, Jan. 1, 2024 | Image: Democratic Party of Korea<\/a><\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

HATEFUL POLITICS<\/b><\/p>\n

Experts interviewed by <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i> attribute the assaults on politicians to political elites who have leveraged hatred as a tool for political mobilization and to garner votes.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lee Nae-Young, a political science professor at Korea University, characterized the attempt on Lee Jae-myung\u2019s life and the subsequent public reaction as indicative of a \u201cregression in Korean democracy.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThis is the result of political opponents having portrayed each other as enemies to be vanquished,” Lee said. \u201cMany politicians have incited their most enthusiastic supporters with hostile discourse instead of urging restraint,\u201d he added.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

What makes the incident more concerning, he said, is how the public appears to be focusing on the electoral impact of the assassination attempt instead of \u201creflecting\u201d on the regression of political culture.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jumin Lee, a contributing analyst at <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>, echoed these sentiments. \u201cIt\u2019s a deeply tragic event. Korean politics has become tribal, polarized and insular,\u201d he observed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cPartisan animosity has long since crowded out any sort of meaningful policy agenda for both major parties, and increasingly, those who gravitate toward party politics are not people who want to create meaningful change, but are looking for an outlet for their worst tendencies.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Politicians need to consider the long-term impact of mobilizing their respective bases\u2019 worst elements, he said. \u201cWhat we have today is a political culture that attracts rabble-rouses and turns away change-makers. And as this latest incident demonstrates, things are trending worse, not better.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

THE BETTER ANGELS OF OUR NATURE<\/b><\/p>\n

In response to the attack, Yoon expressed wishes for Lee Jae-myung\u2019s speedy recovery and emphasized the idea that terrorism and violence are \u201cenemies\u201d to the principles of liberal democracy.<\/span><\/p>\n

This sentiment was echoed by other PPP lawmakers who condemned the assault. Further, Yoon is considering a possible visit to Lee in the hospital, marking a potential moment of rare bipartisan solidarity.<\/span><\/p>\n

However, some of the more radicalized segments of the public remain unconvinced of the need for civility.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

For instance, when Han expressed his desire for Lee\u2019s quick recovery while meeting supporters in Daejeon, some in the crowd applauded the attack, while others repeated the conspiracy theories that have circulated online.<\/span><\/p>\n

Although Han gestured for them to stop, Jumin Lee, the attorney, said that it\u2019s not enough to \u201chand-wave political violence like this \u2014 or some of the distasteful reaction that has emerged from conservative partisans \u2014 as isolated instances of extremism.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cRegardless of our political affiliations or values, such acts of violence undermine the very foundations of our society,\u201d Lee from KAIST added, stressing how the ROK public and authorities need to show that violence is unacceptable.<\/span><\/p>\n

Asked how this week\u2019s incident differs from past assaults on politicians, experts pointed to the \u201cgrowing insensitivity\u201d within South Korean society toward physical violence and politically charged rhetoric.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cPeople were shocked when Park Geun-hye was attacked as if it was the first time such violence occurred in South Korea\u2019s political history,\u201d Lee of KAIST recalled.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cBut take a close look at the public\u2019s reactions now. Are they really shocked, or are they watching their favorite YouTube channels confirming their own biases? We must pay serious attention to this.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

A society desensitized to violence will normalize it, he said.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s not just about the safety of political leaders. We urgently need to focus on making society safer for everyone from threats and violence.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Lina Park and Joon Ha Park contributed to this analysis<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Edited by John Lee<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Culture & Society<\/span><\/a>Domestic Politics<\/span><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

An assassination attempt on main opposition Democratic Party (DP) leader Lee Jae-myung on Tuesday has brought to the forefront concerns about the health and direction of the nation\u2019s political culture. 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