{"id":2203042,"date":"2023-12-08T16:55:16","date_gmt":"2023-12-08T07:55:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/?p=2203042"},"modified":"2023-12-11T16:57:35","modified_gmt":"2023-12-11T07:57:35","slug":"south-koreas-immigration-dilemma-puts-southeast-asians-in-the-spotlight","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/12\/south-koreas-immigration-dilemma-puts-southeast-asians-in-the-spotlight\/","title":{"rendered":"South Korea\u2019s immigration dilemma puts Southeast Asians in the spotlight"},"content":{"rendered":"

A seemingly innocuous social media <\/span>post<\/span><\/a> describing a Thai traveler\u2019s perception of being discriminated against at Incheon International Airport sparked a firestorm on X, the platform formerly known as Twitter, in early November.<\/span><\/p>\n

Capturing the frustrations of many Southeast Asian visitors who face South Korea\u2019s stringent immigration procedures, the post garnered over 9 million views and ignited a wave of solidarity among Thai netizens, leading to widespread calls for a travel boycott to South Korea.<\/span><\/p>\n

This development highlights deep-rooted tension in South Korea\u2019s approach to immigration, particularly concerning travelers from Southeast Asia. The mounting criticism from Thai nationals and other Southeast Asians points to a broader narrative of perceived bias and discriminatory practices at South Korean borders.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

At the heart of this issue is a dual challenge: South Korea\u2019s need to balance its immigration control with growing concerns of discrimination. This balancing act is further complicated by a significant increase in the number of Southeast Asians overstaying their visas, often driven by economic motivations.<\/span><\/p>\n

SCRUTINY AT THE BORDER<\/b><\/p>\n

The Thai netizen\u2019s post on X explained that she faced unexpected scrutiny from South Korean immigration officials even though she had visited the country multiple times in the past and she had prepared all of the necessary travel documents, a complete itinerary and proof of a return flight.<\/span><\/p>\n

However, the Thai national alleged that South Korean immigration officials asked her pointed questions about why she carried a significant amount of money despite her modest income and why she didn\u2019t book certain itinerary tickets, underscoring a disconnect between the requirements set by South Korean authorities and the realities faced by foreign travelers.<\/span><\/p>\n

In response to growing concerns, Seoul\u2019s justice ministry <\/span>addressed<\/span><\/a> the issue on Nov. 3, pointing to the implementation of the Electronic Travel Authorization (K-ETA) in May 2021 as a step toward streamlining the immigration process.<\/span><\/p>\n

However, the ministry conceded that even with K-ETA approval, immigration officials can still choose to deny foreign nationals entry into the country if the visit\u2019s purpose appears unclear or they suspect that the traveler might engage in activities contrary to the stated purpose.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

Incheon International Airport, June 25, 2021 | Image: hannah park<\/a>\u00a0via\u00a0Unsplash<\/a><\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

TRAVELER TESTIMONIES<\/b><\/p>\n

A Malaysian music student at a university in Seoul shared his perspective with <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i> on the impact of South Korea\u2019s immigration policies on Malaysian visitors at Incheon International Airport. He recounted the experiences of several vacationing Malaysians who were denied entry due to suspicions they may be seeking employment in South Korea.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cHow can they actually judge these people? What material do they base this judgment on?\u201d the student, who requested anonymity, told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>, highlighting the ambiguity and subjective nature of the screening process at South Korean airports.<\/span><\/p>\n

The student revealed a coping mechanism that has become common among Malaysians: adopting South Korean fashion trends to avoid discrimination.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThe trick to avoid getting discriminated against by South Korean immigration guards is to \u2018dress up\u2019 more than we usually do. You know, so that we look more well-off,\u201d he explained, indicating a broader issue of appearance-based prejudice.<\/span><\/p>\n

However, the problem goes beyond immigration officials.<\/span><\/p>\n

Other Southeast Asian students told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i> of their feelings of unease and discrimination during their stay in South Korea. They reported occasional feelings of being \u201cunsafe\u201d and being judged based on their appearance and language proficiency.<\/span><\/p>\n

For instance, Leah Tran, a Vietnamese student studying English at Yonsei University, told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i> that she felt looked down upon by bank clerks while running errands alongside her Vietnamese classmates in Seoul.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cI don\u2019t know if it was the way we dressed or the way we talked, but the bank clerks would always look down on us,\u201d she said. Tran also stated that she feels compelled to hide her Vietnamese identity, a testament to the persistent cultural and social barriers faced by Southeast Asian students in South Korea.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

A large group of people in front of Gyeongbokgung Palace in Seoul, May 15, 2022 | Image: Yena Kwon<\/a>\u00a0via\u00a0Unsplash<\/a><\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

INCENTIVES AND DISINCENTIVES<\/b><\/p>\n

Daran Thitakawin, a 32-year-old resident of Bangkok, shared her insights with <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i> on the broader implications of the Thai national\u2019s airport rejection that sparked her compatriots\u2019 travel boycott.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s important to view this not only as an issue of racism but also as South Korea\u2019s practical response to a complex situation,\u201d Thitakawin told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>, recalling her sixth visit to Seoul three months ago.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThe core issue lies in Thais\u2019 ability to travel to Korea without a visa and the attractive economic opportunities that potentially await them in South Korea,\u201d Thitakawin said. \u201cThe potential to earn up to six times more money in Korea is a strong incentive for Thais to sidestep South Korea\u2019s immigration laws.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Thai nationals can enter South Korea without a visa for stays under 90 days, but they require a visa if they wish to extend their stay \u2014 a process Thitakawin describes as dauntingly time-consuming and expensive.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIt takes too much time and money to go through the visa application process, which may encourage people to seek employment in South Korea through illegal means instead of getting a visa,\u201d Thitakawin told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

The issue of undocumented migrant workers, especially from Thailand, is a growing concern for South Korean authorities. According to the <\/span>ROK Ministry of Justice<\/span><\/a>, the number of Southeast Asians overstaying their visas has been particularly noticeable. In the first half of the year, Thai nationals were at the forefront of this trend.<\/span><\/p>\n

The justice ministry reported that undocumented Thai nationals in South Korea have surged from approximately 52,000 in 2015 to 157,000 by Sept. 2023. According to the ministry, this threefold increase means that 78% of Thai nationals in South Korea are residing illegally.<\/span><\/p>\n

MIGRATION CHALLENGES<\/b><\/p>\n

In an effort to address this escalating issue, the Thai labor ministry and South Korea <\/span>signed<\/span><\/a> a memorandum of understanding in Nov. 2019, targeting the prevention of illegal stays and employment of Thai citizens.<\/span><\/p>\n

However, the allure of higher wages in South Korea continues to entice many foreign nationals into remaining illegally \u2014 a trend exacerbated by some South Korean employers who hire these undocumented workers to reduce labor costs.<\/span><\/p>\n

The plight of these undocumented workers is compounded by limited protections and the Yoon administration\u2019s recent budget proposal, which pledges to <\/span>cut government spending<\/span><\/a> for foreign worker support centers next year and will likely lead to further exploitation and unsafe working conditions.<\/span><\/p>\n

Complicating matters further, drug trafficking has <\/span>surged<\/span><\/a>, particularly from Southeast Asian nations known for their role in smuggling narcotics. In response, South Korean authorities have heightened their vigilance, conducting rigorous <\/span>inspections<\/span><\/a> on travelers from these regions to curb the influx of illicit drugs.<\/span><\/p>\n

Data from the Korea Customs Service <\/span>reveals<\/span><\/a> a disturbing trend: there has been a significant increase in the interception of various major drug types, with attempts from Southeast Asian countries on the rise. Thailand, in particular, alongside the U.S., has become a major source of these drugs entering South Korea.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cSouth Korea\u2019s visa policy must undergo a thorough review process to address these issues effectively,\u201d Thitakawin told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

She advocated for a stronger focus on facilitating legal migration opportunities for Thai nationals, warning that the continuation of the present policies could pose risks for law-abiding Thai citizens and increase the dangers of trafficking and exploitation.<\/span><\/p>\n

Edited by John Lee<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Culture & Society<\/span><\/a>Inter-Korean & Foreign Relations<\/span><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A seemingly innocuous social media post describing a Thai traveler\u2019s perception of being discriminated against at Incheon International Airport sparked a firestorm on X, the platform formerly known as Twitter, in early November. 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