{"id":2202853,"date":"2023-11-23T17:00:01","date_gmt":"2023-11-23T08:00:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/?p=2202853"},"modified":"2023-11-24T17:02:13","modified_gmt":"2023-11-24T08:02:13","slug":"how-south-koreas-academic-pressure-fueling-youth-mental-health-emergency","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/11\/how-south-koreas-academic-pressure-fueling-youth-mental-health-emergency\/","title":{"rendered":"How South Korea\u2019s academic pressure fueling youth mental health emergency"},"content":{"rendered":"

A quiet yet profound crisis is unfolding among South Korea\u2019s youth, as an alarming increase in mental health issues among teenagers is straining healthcare systems and raising societal concerns.<\/span><\/p>\n

Reports from Seoul\u2019s university hospitals reveal a significant uptick in teenage psychiatric admissions. In one instance, the occupancy rate of teenagers at a psychiatric ward reached 90%, indicating a deepening crisis that extends beyond mere numbers.<\/span><\/p>\n

According to the country\u2019s <\/span>National Health Insurance Service<\/span><\/a>, treatment for depression among teenagers has risen by 60% from 2018 to 2022. This surge in demand has placed a heavy burden on tertiary care hospitals. According to a hospital receptionist at Yonsei University\u2019s Severance Hospital, scheduling an appointment with one psychiatrist is now booked through 2028.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

This trend correlates with an increasing suicide rate among young people. Contributing factors include societal tendencies to overlook mental health importance and harmful influences from social media, where the promotion of self-harm or suicide has been observed.<\/span><\/p>\n

In an <\/span>incident<\/span><\/a> this April, a 16-year-old girl live-streamed her final moments on social media. She revealed in her broadcast a suicide pact made with an acquaintance from \u201c<\/span>Depression Gallery<\/span><\/a>,\u201d an anonymous forum in DC Inside \u2014 one of South Korea\u2019s largest online platforms, before jumping from the 19th floor of a building.<\/span><\/p>\n

This incident was not isolated. A <\/span>similar situation<\/span><\/a> occurred just a month later, but police were able to intervene and prevent a suicide attempt by two teenage girls during their live broadcast.<\/span><\/p>\n

ACADEMIC PRESSURE AS A CENTRAL ISSUE<\/b><\/p>\n

\u201cSince around 2018, we have seen a sharp increase in the number of suicides and attempted suicides among teens,\u201d Kwon Yong-sil, a psychiatry professor at the Catholic University of Korea, told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

This observation is supported by Kwon\u2019s decade-long government study examining the mental health of teenagers post-mortem. The study cites chronic depression, educational pressures, anxiety about the future and troubled interpersonal relationships as prevalent issues.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThe main reason being anxiety related to academic struggles is a differentiating aspect from other countries,\u201d Kwon noted.<\/span><\/p>\n

Intense academic pressure is widely recognized as a significant contributor to the rising depression and anxiety rates among South Korean youth. A <\/span>2022 survey<\/span><\/a> by World Without Worry About Shadow Education, an education non-governmental organization, found that one in four South Korean teenagers has contemplated suicide due to the overwhelming pressure of academic competition.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cEach time I don\u2019t meet my academic goals, it feels like I\u2019m letting down my parents and their investment in me,\u201d an 18-year-old high school student from Seoul told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>, revealing that his parents spend approximately $1,500 monthly on private tutoring.<\/span><\/p>\n

Reflecting this trend, national spending on private education has soared. Statistics Korea <\/span>reports<\/span><\/a> that expenditure on private education reached almost $20 billion (26 trillion won) \u2014 a record high \u2014 last year.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cStudents are pushed to aim for top university spots, with parents deeply involved and often controlling their educational path,\u201d Lee Jae-young, a school counselor at Joongdong High School in Gangnam, told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>. \u201cWhen students struggle emotionally, they often find little support from school teachers or parents in this environment.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Lee also noted a generational gap in understanding students\u2019 academic and emotional challenges. \u201cConcerns about students needing special attention are frequently overlooked or dismissed as a normal part of growing up,\u201d she explained. \u201cWe\u2019re witnessing cases of depression in high school that have roots back in middle school, often linked to parental neglect.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

In response to the growing suicide crisis among youth, <\/span>Sejong City officials<\/span><\/a> began discussions in May to mandate the locking of rooftop doors on commercial buildings near student-populated areas, including private institutes, as a preventive measure.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

An illustration of a teenager speaking with a therapist | Image: Korea Pro<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

LEGAL AND SOCIAL BARRIERS<\/b><\/p>\n

Legal obstacles resulting from a clash between the <\/span>Medical Service Act<\/span><\/a>\u2019s Article 15 and the <\/span>Civil Act<\/span><\/a>\u2019s Article 5 further exacerbate the mounting stressors when treating a minor without a legal guardian\u2019s consent. While medical law does not restrict adolescents from consulting psychiatrists, civil law allows for the nullification of treatments arising from such consultations without guardian consent.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cMedical institutions are often defenseless if parents challenge their children\u2019s treatment,\u201d Hong Hyun-joo, a psychiatrist at Hanlim University Hospital, told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>. This requirement often compels medical institutions to require parental accompaniment for teenage patients, adding significant barriers to youth seeking mental health services independently.<\/span><\/p>\n

The isolation brought on by the pandemic has pushed many troubled teens toward online forums for support, which can sometimes worsen their distress.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTeens, already facing difficulties in in-person interactions, are particularly susceptible to harmful influences online,\u201d Catholic University\u2019s Kwon Yong-sil noted.<\/span><\/p>\n

The influence of social media and the internet on youth behavior and mental health is significant and troubling. The suicides of several K-pop personalities and the release of \u201cHigh School Rapper\u201d \u2014 a music competition TV show \u2014 in 2018, which included suicide-centric content, have been linked to an increase in online discussions about suicide.<\/span><\/p>\n

The experiences of Kim Ji-yoon, an elementary school teacher in Seoul, starkly illustrate the impact of these online trends on real-life behavior. \u201cIn just one year, four students in my class attempted suicide, seemingly influenced by a disturbing online trend that glorified sharing such experiences,\u201d she said.<\/span><\/p>\n

SOCIAL IMPACT AND INSTITUTIONAL RESPONSE<\/b><\/p>\n

The lack of constructive outlets for teenagers to express and manage their anxieties is leading to an alarming trend: viewing suicide as a primary solution to their challenges. This tendency reflects a broader societal issue, according to experts.<\/span><\/p>\n

South Korea\u2019s struggle with mental health is further highlighted by its position at 57th in the <\/span>2023 World Happiness Report<\/span><\/a>, which shows lower happiness levels compared to most Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries.<\/span><\/p>\n

The nation\u2019s suicide rate, standing at <\/span>24.1 deaths per 100,000 people in 2021<\/span><\/a>, is more than double the OECD average. \u201cThe way society perceives suicide as a method of problem-solving deeply affects young people,\u201d Hanlim University Hospital\u2019s Hong remarked.<\/span><\/p>\n

In an effort to address these psychiatric concerns, South Korea\u2019s Education Ministry initiated a program in 2018 to assess mental and behavioral health among students at various educational levels. Students identified as needing help are referred to government-backed support services such as <\/span>Wee Project<\/span><\/a>, counseling institutes, or medical clinics for evaluation and possible treatment.<\/span><\/p>\n

However, a <\/span>report<\/span><\/a> from the ministry revealed a concerning trend: 80% of students who did not seek professional help were either reluctant themselves or were hindered by their parents.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThis reluctance is not merely due to a stigma around mental disorders but stems from a denial of the existence and seriousness of mental health issues,\u201d Catholic University\u2019s Kwon told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

There is a growing consensus among mental health professionals that the educational system is inadequately preparing students to deal with mental health challenges, with a disproportionate focus on academic success. Experts advocate for the integration of mental health literacy into the school curriculum to better equip students to recognize and address mental distress.<\/span><\/p>\n

Further insights from the Education Ministry\u2019s report on teenage suicides reveal concerning data: half of the cases involved students who showed no apparent signs of mental health issues, 30% required special attention and 20% were already known to have mental health challenges, according to Kwon.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIt is crucial to teach teenagers to seek professional help when faced with difficulties. The mental well-being of our youth should be prioritized over academic performance,\u201d school counselor Lee said.<\/span><\/p>\n

Edited by John Lee<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Culture & Society<\/span><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A quiet yet profound crisis is unfolding among South Korea\u2019s youth, as an alarming increase in mental health issues among teenagers is straining healthcare systems and raising societal concerns. Reports from Seoul\u2019s university hospitals reveal a significant uptick in teenage psychiatric admissions. 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