{"id":2202616,"date":"2023-11-01T17:00:32","date_gmt":"2023-11-01T08:00:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/?p=2202616"},"modified":"2023-11-02T17:02:19","modified_gmt":"2023-11-02T08:02:19","slug":"hanwhas-submarine-bid-south-koreas-stakes-amid-chinese-maritime-threats","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/11\/hanwhas-submarine-bid-south-koreas-stakes-amid-chinese-maritime-threats\/","title":{"rendered":"Hanwha’s submarine bid: South Korea\u2019s stakes amid Chinese maritime threats"},"content":{"rendered":"

In a bid to modernize the country\u2019s naval defense and with eyes set on South Korea\u2019s advanced maritime technology, Philippine Defense Undersecretary Irineo Espino recently <\/span>toured<\/span><\/a> Hanwha Ocean\u2019s shipbuilding facility in Geoje. His visit comes amid rising tensions in the South China Sea and as the Philippines grapples with the decision to invest in the Jangbogo-III PN \u2014 a state-of-the-art attack submarine by Hanwha, currently on the Philippines Navy\u2019s radar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Historically leaning on World War II and Cold War-era vessels for naval defense, the Philippines embarked on a significant shift toward modernization in 2016. The landmark order of two <\/span>Jose Rizal-class frigates<\/span><\/a> from South Korea\u2019s Hyundai Heavy Industries highlights this transformation.<\/span><\/p>\n

The appeal of South Korean-built warships for the Philippine Navy is multifold. Their cost-effectiveness, encapsulating both the build and after-sales service support, stands out. But it\u2019s not just about value for money. The track record of quality and reliability, underscored by <\/span>several Southeast Asian navies\u2019<\/span><\/a> experiences with Korean-built assets, positions South Korea as a formidable naval supplier.<\/span><\/p>\n

ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY<\/b><\/p>\n

Beyond their previous offer, Hanwha Ocean\u2019s Jangbogo-III PN represents a leap in submarine tech. While it <\/span>excludes<\/span><\/a> features like the KSS-III\u2019s missile vertical launch system and its hydrogen fuel cell propulsion, it boasts lithium-ion batteries that enhance its energy efficiency and operational period. According to Hanwha, this submarine can operate for up to <\/span>six days<\/span><\/a> without a recharge, ensuring stealth and extended operational periods.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hanwha Ocean\u2019s proposal is all-encompassing. It comes with an assurance of training for Philippine submariners from ROK Navy experts, contingent upon the acceptance of this intergovernmental proposition. Embedded in this proposal is the possibility of a long-term financing solution, courtesy of the Korean government. If a deal materializes, the expected submarine delivery would be pegged at seven years post-contract signing.<\/span><\/p>\n

Further sweetening the deal, Hanwha Ocean proposes the establishment of a dedicated maintenance yard for the Philippine Navy\u2019s submarines. This could be situated at the navy\u2019s existing Subic Bay base or <\/span>any other location<\/span><\/a> as deemed appropriate by the Philippine Navy. Modernizing the Subic Bay base would amplify support to both domestic and allied naval operations in times of peace and conflict. Alternatively, a different site could serve the strategic purpose of infrastructure dispersal.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lastly, by procuring these submarines, the Philippines stands to join the ranks of the \u201cGlobal Jangbogo Club.\u201d This assembly of prospective exporters, which includes countries like <\/span>Poland<\/span><\/a> and Canada, paves the way for potential collaboration in training and knowledge exchange.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

BRP Jose Rizal FF150, a Philippine guided missile frigate that was designed and built by Hyundai Heavy Industries, showcases its capabilities, Oct. 27, 2023 | Image: Philippine Navy via Facebook<\/a><\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

SUBMARINE ASPIRATIONS<\/b><\/p>\n

The aspiration for submarine operations in the Philippines dates back to its independence from the U.S. The present drive for submarine acquisition stems from the Revised Armed Forces of the Philippines Modernization Act, implemented in 2012. This legislative act delineated a comprehensive blueprint for updating the Philippines\u2019 military divisions, organized into three five-year phases termed \u201c<\/span>Horizons<\/span><\/a>.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

The original projection had the attack submarine procurement slotted for the third and final Horizon, spanning 2023 to 2028. However, in a strategic shift in 2018, <\/span>then-Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte<\/span><\/a> advanced this procurement to the second Horizon.<\/span><\/p>\n

The plan was to initiate a contract for two submarines, followed by an additional procurement of four during the third Horizon. But the unforeseen economic implications of the COVID-19 pandemic prompted a reassessment. As a consequence of the pandemic\u2019s economic strain, this procurement, among other Horizon 2 plans, faced <\/span>postponements and revisions<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Recently, General Romeo Brawner Jr., the Philippine military chief, <\/span>highlighted<\/span><\/a> that the strategies for the Third Horizon are still under review. A noteworthy modification in force planning is to equip all military branches with the capabilities to safeguard the Philippines\u2019 exclusive economic zone, moving beyond just the coastal regions.<\/span><\/p>\n

In line with these evolving requirements, the financial allocation for submarine acquisition has been adjusted. The budget is now estimated at <\/span>$1.9 billion<\/span><\/a>, covering aspects like submarine basing, ongoing maintenance and personnel training for the two vessels.<\/span><\/p>\n

THE RIGHT SOLUTION?<\/b><\/p>\n

Acquiring attack submarines would bolster the Philippine Navy\u2019s defensive capabilities in traditional maritime disputes. Yet, Joshua Bernard Espena, a senior fellow at the Manila-based International Development and Security Cooperation think tank, pointed out that submarines wouldn\u2019t \u201cautomatically\u201d solve the country\u2019s challenges, such as China\u2019s aggressive actions in the South China Sea.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIf you want to deter war and negate Chinese actions in the South China Sea, surface combatants might be a better alternative,\u201d Espena told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

The role of surface ships, particularly the patrol vessels of the Philippine Coast Guard, has been <\/span>evident<\/span><\/a> in Manila\u2019s South China Sea strategy. These ships, along with their crew, embedded journalists and unmanned aerial systems, have been instrumental in documenting the Chinese Coast Guard and Maritime Militia\u2019s aggressive actions.<\/span><\/p>\n

A case in point is the <\/span>incident on Oct. 22<\/span><\/a>, where Chinese ships rammed a Philippine Coast Guard vessel and a civilian ship on a resupply mission to the Second Thomas Shoal military outpost. This altercation came shortly after another episode where Chinese Coast Guard vessels targeted a Philippine resupply ship with water cannons.<\/span><\/p>\n

Espena indicated that Manila, recognizing its current military limitations, is leveraging alliances, international law mechanisms and information campaigns. The objective is to create a buffer, allowing for a broader recalibration of the Philippines\u2019 defense strategy in response to the multifaceted geopolitical environment.<\/span><\/p>\n

Moreover, while South Korea is a contender, it faces stiff competition from established entities in the submarine industry, such as <\/span>France\u2019s Naval Group<\/span><\/a> and <\/span>Spain\u2019s Navantia<\/span><\/a>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Considering the unpredictability tied to the Horizon 3 strategy, Seoul may find itself at a crossroads. Analyzing the situation, if there\u2019s wavering over the Jangbogo proposal or anticipated delays in the submarine procurement process, an alternative focus could naturally shift toward patrol vessels. Historically, these vessels have been instrumental in highlighting Chinese activities in the region.<\/span><\/p>\n

While the outcome of Hanwha Ocean\u2019s proposal remains uncertain, one could infer that bolstering support in the form of these vessels might emerge as a strategic consideration. Such a step, based on previous engagements, could play a pivotal role in the ongoing defense dynamics between South Korea and the Philippines, potentially serving as a provisional countermeasure in the maritime domain until more permanent solutions, like submarines, are in play.<\/span><\/p>\n

Edited by John Lee<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Business & Economy<\/span><\/a>Defense & Security<\/span><\/a>Inter-Korean & Foreign Relations<\/span><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In a bid to modernize the country\u2019s naval defense and with eyes set on South Korea\u2019s advanced maritime technology, Philippine Defense Undersecretary Irineo Espino recently toured Hanwha Ocean\u2019s shipbuilding facility in Geoje. 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