{"id":2202570,"date":"2023-10-26T17:00:38","date_gmt":"2023-10-26T08:00:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/?p=2202570"},"modified":"2023-10-27T17:01:17","modified_gmt":"2023-10-27T08:01:17","slug":"why-a-critical-shortage-of-doctors-in-south-korea-has-sparked-a-national-debate","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/10\/why-a-critical-shortage-of-doctors-in-south-korea-has-sparked-a-national-debate\/","title":{"rendered":"Why a critical shortage of doctors in South Korea has sparked a national debate"},"content":{"rendered":"
South Korea\u2019s healthcare system is under scrutiny following instances of patients facing challenges in accessing medical care. An illustrative <\/span>case<\/span><\/a> involves a teenage girl from Daegu who, after a fall from a four-story building, was reportedly denied admission by seven hospitals due to the unavailability of emergency facilities or specialists. Following a two-hour delay, she suffered cardiac arrest and died.<\/span><\/p>\n In 2022, South Korea\u2019s health ministry\u2019s <\/span>data<\/span><\/a> highlighted that there are 2.5 doctors for every 1,000 people in South Korea. When excluding practitioners of traditional Korean medicine, this ratio stands at 2, marking the lowest among the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development countries, pointing to a disproportionate distribution of medical professionals.<\/span><\/p>\n Should the current pattern persist, the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs predicts a potential <\/span>shortfall of over 27,000 doctors<\/span><\/a> by 2035.<\/span><\/p>\n Demographic data adds another layer of complexity. The government\u2019s <\/span>projections<\/span><\/a> indicate that by 2025, individuals over the age of 65 will make up 20% of South Korea\u2019s total population.<\/span><\/p>\n A widely held belief is that the stagnant medical school admission cap, consistently set at <\/span>3,058<\/span><\/a> since 2006, plays a significant role in the impending doctor shortage.<\/span><\/p>\n In response, the South Korean government has <\/span>proposed<\/span><\/a> increasing the medical school admission capacity, with changes slated for 2025. However, this proposal was met with strong reservations from the Korea Medical Association (KMA), the foremost coalition of doctors in the country with memberships totaling some 130,000.<\/span><\/p>\n The KMA has declared the possibility of a <\/span>nationwide walkout<\/span><\/a>, drawing parallels to similar actions the group took in <\/span>2020<\/span><\/a>, if the government pursues its policy without \u201cadequate\u201d consultations with the group.<\/span><\/p>\n DISTRIBUTION CHALLENGES<\/b><\/p>\n The KMA has expressed concerns that simply augmenting the number of medical students may not effectively resolve longstanding challenges within South Korea\u2019s healthcare system. Key among these challenges are disparities in specialization choices by medical professionals and geographical imbalances in their distribution.<\/span><\/p>\n Particular specialties, such as pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology and cardiothoracic surgery, are experiencing pronounced <\/span>shortages<\/span><\/a>. This is <\/span>attributed<\/span><\/a> to the demanding nature of these professions and their perceived lower earning potential. For instance, professionals in maternity and pediatric care often encounter <\/span>legal<\/span><\/a> and emotional challenges, including potential disputes following unforeseen complications or confrontations with distraught parents.<\/span><\/p>\n Correspondingly, with declining birth rates, fewer doctors are specializing in pediatrics, leading to a reduction in pediatric clinics nationwide.<\/span><\/p>\n On the opposite end of the spectrum, specialties such as dermatology, ophthalmology and cosmetic surgery attract a higher number of aspiring doctors. \u201cThese fields are often viewed as profitable with a favorable work-life balance,\u201d Lee Choon-hee, a reporter, told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n Many treatments within these specialties are <\/span>not covered<\/span><\/a> by the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) scheme, allowing some clinics to set higher fees, maximizing profitability.<\/span><\/p>\n Another pressing issue is the concentration of medical professionals in urban centers, notably Seoul. This concentration has resulted in healthcare disparities across the country, with <\/span>rural regions<\/span><\/a> grappling with physician shortages.<\/span><\/p>\n Despite enticing offers, many rural clinics and healthcare facilities struggle to attract doctors. A notable instance is a <\/span>medical center in Incheon<\/span><\/a>, which has been unable to provide kidney dialysis treatments for years due to a lack of specialists.<\/span><\/p>\n The subsequent strain on Seoul\u2019s medical infrastructure is evident. Patients from rural areas often <\/span>travel significant distances<\/span><\/a> to the capital, where the majority of renowned medical institutions, including Seoul National University Hospital and Samsung Medical Center, are located.<\/span><\/p>\n Data provided by Democratic Party lawmaker Kim Won-i, based on NHIS records, indicates a <\/span>42.5%<\/span><\/a> increase in rural patients seeking treatment at these premier Seoul hospitals since 2013.<\/span><\/p>\n In response to these challenges, the KMA has advocated for nuanced policy interventions. These include enhanced compensation for essential specialties and significant investment in medical infrastructure in underserved regions. The group stresses that solely expanding the medical student quota might not necessarily direct professionals to less popular specialties or rural areas, given existing perceptions about earnings and career trajectories.<\/span><\/p>\n