{"id":2201797,"date":"2023-07-26T19:19:19","date_gmt":"2023-07-26T10:19:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/?p=2201797"},"modified":"2023-07-27T17:01:46","modified_gmt":"2023-07-27T08:01:46","slug":"south-koreas-plan-to-curb-protests-set-to-face-fierce-backlash","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/07\/south-koreas-plan-to-curb-protests-set-to-face-fierce-backlash\/","title":{"rendered":"South Korea\u2019s plan to curb protests set to face fierce backlash"},"content":{"rendered":"

In a move likely to stir controversy, the South Korean government has <\/span>proposed<\/span><\/a> revisions to existing laws governing protests and demonstrations. The announcement came from Kang Seung-kyu, the senior secretary for civil society, in a media briefing on Wednesday. According to Kang, the government sees these changes as a necessary response to public <\/span>complaints<\/span><\/a> in an online \u201cdebate.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

The proposed changes are set to face fierce opposition. Political opponents and civic groups, in particular, are expected to push back against the revisions. Central to the resistance are two major groups: the disabled community and labor unions.<\/span><\/p>\n

Both groups have been active in public protests, voicing their specific concerns and demands. For the disabled community, public demonstrations have been a tool to <\/span>demand<\/span><\/a> better access to public transportation. The proposed amendments could impede their ability to protest, thus stifling a crucial avenue for expressing their grievances.<\/span><\/p>\n

Similarly, labor unions, a bastion of numerous loud protests against the government, sometimes <\/span>extending into the night<\/span><\/a>, are also likely to be severely impacted by the proposed changes. A significant concern is that the changes could curtail the right to protest, which is fundamental to their cause.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Further, these proposed revisions raise legal concerns. Article three of the <\/span>Assembly and Demonstration Act<\/span><\/a> mandates that \u201cno one shall interfere with a peaceful assembly or demonstration or disrupt its order by means of violence or threat or by any other means.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

As the South Korean government slowly steers ahead with the proposed changes, it walks a fine line between maintaining public order and preserving democratic rights. The ultimate reaction from opposition parties, civic groups and the broader public could set the stage for a significant debate on the limits of the right to protest and the role of dissent in a democratic society.<\/span><\/p>\n

PROPOSED CHANGES<\/b><\/p>\n

The South Korean government has proposed a series of amendments intended to curb disruption caused by public protests. The proposed changes span a broad spectrum, from tighter restrictions on protests during peak commuting hours to harsher penalties for breaches of protest-related regulations. The plans also contemplate expanding areas classified as \u201coff-limits\u201d to encompass major roads and residential neighborhoods.<\/span><\/p>\n

The government cited online <\/span>discussions<\/span><\/a> held over three weeks from June 13 to July 3 as the basis for these changes. According to the official narrative, around 82% of the 130,000 posts within these forums called for enhanced regulations on rallies and demonstrations, ostensibly to safeguard daily life and uphold public order.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nevertheless, the validity of such online forums as a reflection of public sentiment is questionable. The approach hardly equates to a scientific survey or a public vote, suggesting that the government may be selectively amplifying views that align with its stance while sidelining dissenting voices.<\/span><\/p>\n

For instance, one user wrote on the \u201cdebate\u201d page\u2019s comments section, \u201cThere is no good reason for us to live together with those who do not recommend addressing the country\u2019s flawed protest culture! To those who take orders from the North and praise it, if you like it so much, move to North Korea!\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Another user wrote \u201cKCTU game over,\u201d referring to the Korean Confederation of Trade Unions, an umbrella labor organization. The KCTU <\/span>launched<\/span><\/a> a two-week general strike at the beginning of July, and the union estimated that more than 400,000 of its 1.2 million members joined the strike.<\/span><\/p>\n

As such, a number of people who believe the government should restrict protests may be voicing their views about those they see as their political opponents rather than about the right to protest itself.<\/span><\/p>\n

However, a government spokesperson defended the process, asserting that since participants freely expressed their views, the government did not \u201cadd or subtract\u201d from the posts or their findings.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

South Korea’s disabled community activists protest in Seoul\u2019<\/span>s metro stations during peak hours, Jan. 2, 2023 | Image: Solidarity Against Disability Discrimination via Facebook<\/a><\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

THE DISABLED COMMUNITY<\/b><\/p>\n

The proposed changes could disproportionately affect certain sections of society, most notably South Korea\u2019s disabled community. Activist groups have been conducting <\/span>protests<\/span><\/a> in underground metro stations during peak hours for over a year, calling for improved access to public transportation. Their aim has been to draw public attention to the everyday accessibility barriers they encounter and pressure the government to act.<\/span><\/p>\n

These protests, centered around some of Seoul\u2019s busiest metro stations during peak travel times, have not been without controversy, prompting public scorn and arrests. Seoul Mayor Oh Se-hoon has been particularly outspoken against these activities.<\/span><\/p>\n

Oh pushed for a <\/span>zero-tolerance<\/span><\/a> policy toward disabled protestors in December, blaming the disabled rights activists for being a hindrance to commuters. Besides referring 24 protesters to the prosecution, metro workers and riot police officers physically <\/span>blocked<\/span><\/a> activists from accessing subway stations and boarding trains. Some trains even avoided stopping at stations where protests took place.<\/span><\/p>\n

With the proposed changes, such demonstrations could be severely curtailed. If enacted, restrictions on protests during peak commuting hours and within major traffic zones could effectively quash the platforms currently used by the disabled community to amplify their concerns.<\/span><\/p>\n

The implications of such restrictions are profound. They could further marginalize the disabled community by silencing their public calls for equality and better access. Further, by suppressing these protests, the government is effectively ignoring calls for more inclusive, disability-friendly measures on public transportation.<\/span><\/p>\n

The proposed amendments could thus inhibit progress toward a more inclusive society in South Korea.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

LABOR UNIONS<\/b><\/p>\n

Labor unions have played a central role in large-scale demonstrations across South Korea, vocalizing grievances and demanding improved working conditions. They have frequently leveraged the power of public protest to draw attention to their causes, occasionally spilling into the nighttime hours and resulting in high-decibel confrontations.<\/span><\/p>\n

The proposed amendments could arm the Yoon administration with a potent political tool to undermine labor unions, entities that President Yoon Suk-yeol has often derided as \u201c<\/span>vested interests<\/span><\/a>.\u201d The conservative administration and labor unions share a fraught relationship, with the latter frequently calling for the government\u2019s resignation over what it perceives as <\/span>anti-labor policies<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

South Korean law enforcement agencies have raided labor union offices for reasons varying from their <\/span>refusal to disclose financial statements<\/span><\/a> detailing the use of government subsidies to potential <\/span>violations of the country\u2019s National Security Law<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

These proposed legislative changes could severely hamper unions\u2019 capacity to organize demonstrations, effectively curtailing their ability to protest. The amendments could limit the timing and location of protests, potentially suppressing the most impactful forms of labor demonstrations. Fear of punitive action, a threat <\/span>previously voiced<\/span><\/a> by the Yoon administration, could deter union members from participating in protests.<\/span><\/p>\n

By undermining the unions\u2019 ability to protest, these changes could further skew the balance of power toward employers, potentially compromising labor rights and collective bargaining and weakening labor protections.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

South Korean President Yoon Suk-yeol visits a disability care facility, Aug. 18, 2022 | Image: ROK Presidential Office<\/a><\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

GOVERNMENT STANCE<\/b><\/p>\n

While the South Korean government acknowledges protests as a fundamental right of the citizenry, critics will likely argue that its actions convey a different narrative. The mantra often espoused by Yoon \u2014 <\/span>upholding law and order<\/span><\/a> \u2014 could be construed as a preference for rule-by-law rather than the rule of law.<\/span><\/p>\n

These proposed amendments will likely encounter formidable resistance from opposition parties and civic groups. Opponents might deploy various strategies to combat these changes, from legislative lobbying against the amendments to campaigns to sway public opinion. Further, the main opposition Democratic Party could leverage its majority in the National Assembly to stymie the government\u2019s efforts on numerous fronts.<\/span><\/p>\n

The political fallout for the Yoon administration could be significant. If the opposition and civic groups successfully rally against these changes, it could trigger a broader public backlash against the government. Amid <\/span>plummeting approval ratings<\/span><\/a> for Yoon and only marginal public preference for the ruling People Power Party over the Democratic Party, the controversy around the proposed amendments could galvanize opposition forces, potentially impacting the government\u2019s political standing and public support.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThe problem with the presidential office\u2019s online debate, which is merely a \u2018popularity vote,\u2019 is that it has turned the freedom of assembly and to protest \u2014 basic rights \u2014 into an object of popular approval or disapproval,\u201d Choi Jong-yeon, a lawyer, wrote in an <\/span>op-ed<\/span><\/a> for <\/span>Labor Today<\/span><\/i>, a pro-labor online publication. \u201cIt is arrogant to portray a \u2018public proposal\u2019 whose existence the majority of people don\u2019t even know about as a majority public opinion.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Edited by Alannah Hill\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Culture & Society<\/span><\/a>Domestic Politics<\/span><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In a move likely to stir controversy, the South Korean government has proposed revisions to existing laws governing protests and demonstrations. The announcement came from Kang Seung-kyu, the senior secretary for civil society, in a media briefing on Wednesday. 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