{"id":2201764,"date":"2023-07-21T17:00:58","date_gmt":"2023-07-21T08:00:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/?p=2201764"},"modified":"2023-07-24T17:18:33","modified_gmt":"2023-07-24T08:18:33","slug":"us-boosts-extended-deterrence-visibility-to-ensure-reciprocal-assurances","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/07\/us-boosts-extended-deterrence-visibility-to-ensure-reciprocal-assurances\/","title":{"rendered":"US boosts extended deterrence visibility to ensure reciprocal assurances"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nearly three months since U.S. President Joe Biden and South Korean President Yoon Suk-yeol announced the historic <\/span>Washington Declaration<\/span><\/a>, tangible elements of the agreement are beginning to manifest. However, whether these efforts can quell the calls for independent South Korean nuclear capability is unclear.<\/span><\/p>\n

On Tuesday, the U.S. and South Korea conducted the <\/span>inaugural meeting<\/span><\/a> of the Nuclear Consultative Group (NCG). Coinciding with the meeting, an <\/span>Ohio-class U.S. ballistic missile submarine<\/span><\/a> (SSBN) made its way into the port of Busan, South Korea, marking the first visit by such a submarine since 1981.<\/span><\/p>\n

In addition, the submarine\u2019s arrival represents the first entry of U.S. nuclear weapons into South Korean territory, albeit territorial waters, since the removal of American tactical nuclear weapons from the country in Dec. 1991.<\/span><\/p>\n

THE NUCLEAR CONSULTATIVE GROUP<\/b><\/p>\n

The first meeting of the NCG was a highly orchestrated affair. After the meeting, <\/span>public messaging<\/span><\/a> from both countries aligned with the tenets outlined in the Washington Declaration. For instance, Washington and Seoul jointly asserted that any North Korean nuclear attack would be met with a \u201cswift, overwhelming and decisive\u201d response.<\/span><\/p>\n

The NCG expands the array of U.S.-South Korea consultative mechanisms, joining others like the <\/span>Korea-U.S. Integrated Defense Dialogue<\/span><\/a>, the <\/span>Deterrence Strategy Committee<\/span><\/a> and the <\/span>Extended Deterrence Strategy and Consultation Group<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

The last of these functions at the under-secretary level, without direct involvement in nuclear issues. The assistant secretary-level NCG, which convened at a higher vice-ministerial level for its inaugural session, will augment these existing arrangements.<\/span><\/p>\n

Given these discussions\u2019 sensitivity and strategic implications, it is understandable that both countries have limited public disclosures on the specifics of the inaugural NCG meeting\u2019s proceedings. However, from what can be gleaned from public reports, the NCG will serve as a conduit for the U.S. and South Korea to discuss joint planning and operations for various nuclear contingencies.<\/span><\/p>\n

It should be noted that the NCG will not entail South Korea\u2019s involvement in U.S. nuclear war planning. This planning, executed by the U.S. Strategic Command, remains a U.S. prerogative across all its alliances, including the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.<\/span><\/p>\n

Despite these clarifications, the swift convening of the NCG is a clear indicator that the Washington Declaration\u2019s vision is quickly materializing. Future meetings will likely provide more insight into the scope of bilateral consultations, and the NCG is set to continue being an essential and flexible forum for addressing South Korean apprehensions about the evolving nuclear threat environment on the Korean Peninsula.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

President Yoon Suk-yeol stops by the inaugural session of the Nuclear Consultative Group, July 18, 2023 | Image: ROK Presidential Office<\/a><\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

NUCLEAR ASSURANCE<\/b><\/p>\n

North Korea has already <\/span>responded<\/span><\/a> to the arrival of the USS Kentucky, an Ohio-class SSBN, in Busan. Recent missile launches from Pyongyang\u2019s Sunan International Airport, aimed toward the East Sea (Sea of Japan) as is typically the case, have been carefully calibrated to simulate an off-azimuth attack on the submarine \u2014 a practice that North Korea has often employed in the past.<\/span><\/p>\n

It is important to note that a single U.S. Ohio-class SSBN is equipped with <\/span>more nuclear warheads<\/span><\/a> than North Korea\u2019s entire nuclear arsenal and even surpasses most other nuclear-armed states.<\/span><\/p>\n

Each submarine is armed with 20 <\/span>Trident II D5<\/span><\/a>\u00a0submarine-launched ballistic missiles, positioning them as the most survivable component of the U.S. nuclear triad. Since 2019, these submarines have also been equipped with a newer, low-yield <\/span>W76-2 nuclear warhead<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

In the absence of forward-deployed U.S. tactical nuclear weapons on the Korean Peninsula, these warheads represent the U.S.\u2019s most immediate limited nuclear option for responding to potential North Korean nuclear attacks.<\/span><\/p>\n

In South Korea, debates have been ongoing about the wisdom of reintroducing U.S. tactical nuclear weapons. However, it\u2019s worth remembering that these U.S. submarine-launched capabilities are far more prompt and responsive in a crisis than any <\/span>B61 gravity bombs<\/span><\/a> that could theoretically be deployed on the Korean Peninsula.<\/span><\/p>\n

Unlike during the Cold War, the U.S. no longer maintains a diverse array of low-yield nuclear capabilities that could be deployed on the Korean Peninsula. The B61 gravity bomb, as the sole realistic option for forward deployment, comes with numerous disadvantages, including the requirement of secure storage at fixed, known sites that are vulnerable to <\/span>preemptive attack<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

It is conceivable that U.S. officials delved into the capabilities of the Ohio-class submarine in more depth during the NCG meeting. Earlier this year, a group of South Korean defense officials had the opportunity to <\/span>tour<\/span><\/a> such a submarine. This visit aimed to further reassure Seoul of the robustness of U.S. nuclear capabilities that could be brought to bear in a Korean Peninsula contingency.<\/span><\/p>\n

WHAT\u2019S NEXT?<\/b><\/p>\n

In the South Korean media, the inaugural NCG meeting and the arrival of the USS Kentucky have been portrayed as manifestations of the U.S.-South Korea alliance\u2019s deepening commitment to deter North Korean nuclear threats. However, these events should be understood as part of the U.S.\u2019s ongoing efforts to reassure its South Korean ally.<\/span><\/p>\n

Specifically, the NCG meeting and the submarine\u2019s visit are intended to enhance the visibility of U.S. nuclear-extended deterrence assurances \u2014 a critical aspect of the broader U.S. extended deterrent \u2014 particularly for the South Korean public and strategic elites.<\/span><\/p>\n

Amid <\/span>growing calls<\/span><\/a> for an independent South Korean nuclear capability, the Biden administration likely hopes these measures will convince the South Korean public of the continued sufficiency of U.S. extended deterrence in preserving peace on the Korean Peninsula.<\/span><\/p>\n

In reality, however, neither the convening of the NCG nor the presence of the USS Kentucky is likely to catalyze an immediate <\/span>shift in South Korea\u2019s domestic debates<\/span><\/a> regarding the value of indigenous nuclear weapons. However, these developments may give Yoon a basis to assert that he has secured new commitments from the U.S.<\/span><\/p>\n

It is a positive sign that in the aftermath of the Washington Declaration, Yoon and his advisors have often referred to the alliance as now being \u201c<\/span>nuclear-based<\/span><\/a>.\u201d Yet a direct attempt by the Yoon administration to persuade skeptical South Korean strategic elites that existing U.S. and South Korean capabilities can adequately deter North Korean nuclear threats is still forthcoming.<\/span><\/p>\n

Seoul often perceives the Washington Declaration as an extension of U.S. assurances. However, the declaration is, in fact, a reciprocal exchange of assurances. For instance, the declaration\u2019s deliberate inclusion of South Korea\u2019s legally binding nonproliferation commitments serves to reassure the U.S. that its ally will not pursue nuclear weapons.<\/span><\/p>\n

With the NCG now convened and an unprecedented show of U.S. resolve demonstrated by the USS Kentucky\u2019s visit to Busan, Washington will likely expect the Yoon administration to make a concerted effort to communicate the sufficiency of these measures to his constituents.<\/span><\/p>\n

Edited by John Lee<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Defense & Security<\/span><\/a>Inter-Korean & Foreign Relations<\/span><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nearly three months since U.S. President Joe Biden and South Korean President Yoon Suk-yeol announced the historic Washington Declaration, tangible elements of the agreement are beginning to manifest. However, whether these efforts can quell the calls for independent South Korean nuclear capability is unclear. On Tuesday, the U.S. and South Korea conducted the inaugural meeting […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10407,"featured_media":2201765,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[26,28],"class_list":["post-2201764","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analysis","tag-defense-security","tag-inter-korean-foreign-relations"],"yoast_head":"\nUS boosts extended deterrence visibility to ensure reciprocal assurances - KOREA PRO<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/07\/us-boosts-extended-deterrence-visibility-to-ensure-reciprocal-assurances\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"US boosts extended deterrence visibility to ensure reciprocal assurances - KOREA PRO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Nearly three months since U.S. President Joe Biden and South Korean President Yoon Suk-yeol announced the historic Washington Declaration, tangible elements of the agreement are beginning to manifest. However, whether these efforts can quell the calls for independent South Korean nuclear capability is unclear. On Tuesday, the U.S. and South Korea conducted the inaugural meeting […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/07\/us-boosts-extended-deterrence-visibility-to-ensure-reciprocal-assurances\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"KOREA PRO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/nknewsorg\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-21T08:00:58+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-07-24T08:18:33+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2023\/07\/USS-Kentucky.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1870\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"johnleenknews\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@southkoreapro\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@southkoreapro\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Ankit Panda\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/07\/us-boosts-extended-deterrence-visibility-to-ensure-reciprocal-assurances\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/07\/us-boosts-extended-deterrence-visibility-to-ensure-reciprocal-assurances\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"johnleenknews\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/#\/schema\/person\/b9766dba611638edc06a6e0b7078714d\"},\"headline\":\"US boosts extended deterrence visibility to ensure reciprocal assurances\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-21T08:00:58+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-24T08:18:33+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/07\/us-boosts-extended-deterrence-visibility-to-ensure-reciprocal-assurances\/\"},\"wordCount\":1154,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/07\/us-boosts-extended-deterrence-visibility-to-ensure-reciprocal-assurances\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/assets.korearisk.com\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2023\/07\/USS-Kentucky.png\",\"keywords\":[\"Defense & Security\",\"Inter-Korean & Foreign Relations\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Analysis\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/07\/us-boosts-extended-deterrence-visibility-to-ensure-reciprocal-assurances\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/07\/us-boosts-extended-deterrence-visibility-to-ensure-reciprocal-assurances\/\",\"name\":\"US boosts extended deterrence visibility to ensure reciprocal assurances - KOREA PRO\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/07\/us-boosts-extended-deterrence-visibility-to-ensure-reciprocal-assurances\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/07\/us-boosts-extended-deterrence-visibility-to-ensure-reciprocal-assurances\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/assets.korearisk.com\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2023\/07\/USS-Kentucky.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-21T08:00:58+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-24T08:18:33+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/07\/us-boosts-extended-deterrence-visibility-to-ensure-reciprocal-assurances\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/07\/us-boosts-extended-deterrence-visibility-to-ensure-reciprocal-assurances\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/07\/us-boosts-extended-deterrence-visibility-to-ensure-reciprocal-assurances\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/assets.korearisk.com\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2023\/07\/USS-Kentucky.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/assets.korearisk.com\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2023\/07\/USS-Kentucky.png\",\"width\":1870,\"height\":1000},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/07\/us-boosts-extended-deterrence-visibility-to-ensure-reciprocal-assurances\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"US boosts extended deterrence visibility to ensure reciprocal assurances\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/\",\"name\":\"KOREA PRO\",\"description\":\"Be smart about South Korea. Up-to-date analysis on foreign relations, politics, society and economy. Made by the producers of NK PRO and NK News.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/#organization\",\"name\":\"KOREA PRO\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2022\/11\/logo.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2022\/11\/logo.png\",\"width\":360,\"height\":50,\"caption\":\"KOREA PRO\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/nknewsorg\/\",\"https:\/\/x.com\/southkoreapro\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"US boosts extended deterrence visibility to ensure reciprocal assurances - KOREA PRO","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/07\/us-boosts-extended-deterrence-visibility-to-ensure-reciprocal-assurances\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"US boosts extended deterrence visibility to ensure reciprocal assurances - KOREA PRO","og_description":"Nearly three months since U.S. President Joe Biden and South Korean President Yoon Suk-yeol announced the historic Washington Declaration, tangible elements of the agreement are beginning to manifest. However, whether these efforts can quell the calls for independent South Korean nuclear capability is unclear. On Tuesday, the U.S. and South Korea conducted the inaugural meeting […]","og_url":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/07\/us-boosts-extended-deterrence-visibility-to-ensure-reciprocal-assurances\/","og_site_name":"KOREA PRO","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/nknewsorg\/","article_published_time":"2023-07-21T08:00:58+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-07-24T08:18:33+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1870,"height":1000,"url":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2023\/07\/USS-Kentucky.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"johnleenknews","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@southkoreapro","twitter_site":"@southkoreapro","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Ankit Panda","Est. reading time":"6 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/07\/us-boosts-extended-deterrence-visibility-to-ensure-reciprocal-assurances\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/07\/us-boosts-extended-deterrence-visibility-to-ensure-reciprocal-assurances\/"},"author":{"name":"johnleenknews","@id":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/#\/schema\/person\/b9766dba611638edc06a6e0b7078714d"},"headline":"US boosts extended deterrence visibility to ensure reciprocal assurances","datePublished":"2023-07-21T08:00:58+00:00","dateModified":"2023-07-24T08:18:33+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/07\/us-boosts-extended-deterrence-visibility-to-ensure-reciprocal-assurances\/"},"wordCount":1154,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/07\/us-boosts-extended-deterrence-visibility-to-ensure-reciprocal-assurances\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/assets.korearisk.com\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2023\/07\/USS-Kentucky.png","keywords":["Defense & Security","Inter-Korean & Foreign Relations"],"articleSection":["Analysis"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/07\/us-boosts-extended-deterrence-visibility-to-ensure-reciprocal-assurances\/","url":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/07\/us-boosts-extended-deterrence-visibility-to-ensure-reciprocal-assurances\/","name":"US boosts extended deterrence visibility to ensure reciprocal assurances - KOREA PRO","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/07\/us-boosts-extended-deterrence-visibility-to-ensure-reciprocal-assurances\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/07\/us-boosts-extended-deterrence-visibility-to-ensure-reciprocal-assurances\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/assets.korearisk.com\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2023\/07\/USS-Kentucky.png","datePublished":"2023-07-21T08:00:58+00:00","dateModified":"2023-07-24T08:18:33+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/07\/us-boosts-extended-deterrence-visibility-to-ensure-reciprocal-assurances\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/07\/us-boosts-extended-deterrence-visibility-to-ensure-reciprocal-assurances\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/07\/us-boosts-extended-deterrence-visibility-to-ensure-reciprocal-assurances\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/assets.korearisk.com\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2023\/07\/USS-Kentucky.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/assets.korearisk.com\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2023\/07\/USS-Kentucky.png","width":1870,"height":1000},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/07\/us-boosts-extended-deterrence-visibility-to-ensure-reciprocal-assurances\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"US boosts extended deterrence visibility to ensure reciprocal assurances"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/#website","url":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/","name":"KOREA PRO","description":"Be smart about South Korea. Up-to-date analysis on foreign relations, politics, society and economy. Made by the producers of NK PRO and NK News.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/#organization","name":"KOREA PRO","url":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2022\/11\/logo.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2022\/11\/logo.png","width":360,"height":50,"caption":"KOREA PRO"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/nknewsorg\/","https:\/\/x.com\/southkoreapro"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2201764"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10407"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2201764"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2201764\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2201767,"href":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2201764\/revisions\/2201767"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2201765"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2201764"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2201764"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2201764"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}