{"id":2201423,"date":"2023-06-20T19:05:07","date_gmt":"2023-06-20T10:05:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/?p=2201423"},"modified":"2023-11-20T17:57:31","modified_gmt":"2023-11-20T08:57:31","slug":"how-busan-hopes-to-overcome-riyadhs-bid-for-the-world-expo-2030","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/06\/how-busan-hopes-to-overcome-riyadhs-bid-for-the-world-expo-2030\/","title":{"rendered":"How Busan hopes to overcome Riyadh\u2019s bid for the World Expo 2030"},"content":{"rendered":"

As the fourth and <\/span>final round of presentations<\/span><\/a> for the World Expo 2030 host city begins in Paris this week, Busan \u2014 South Korea\u2019s second-largest city \u2014 appears to be a strong contender.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

With a compelling story of urban transformation into a gleaming global hub and <\/span>national corporate backing<\/span><\/a>, the city\u2019s passion and enthusiasm \u2014 banners, beach sand sculptures, <\/span>drone shows and even a theme song \u2014 have fueled a perception that Busan\u2019s victory is inevitable.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cI was in Busan last August,\u201d Kevin Hockmuth, an associate professor of political science and Korean studies at Akita National University in Japan, told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>. \u201cAnd I was under the impression that they\u2019d already gotten it.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

National support for the bid has united South Korea, making Busan\u2019s prospects look favorable. However, a closer examination suggests that securing the World Expo isn\u2019t a done deal, particularly given the considerable strengths of its principal competitor: Riyadh.<\/span><\/p>\n

A NATURAL CHOICE<\/b><\/p>\n

\u201cBusan\u2019s strength in hosting the bid is that it has hosted a number of large international events previously, including an Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (<\/span>APEC<\/span><\/a>) Summit in 2005 and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (<\/span>ASEAN<\/span><\/a>)-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit in 2019,\u201d Sean O\u2019Malley, a professor of international studies at Dongseo University, told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIt also has an excellent public transportation system, along with other infrastructure beneficial for its bid,\u201d he added. Hockmuth pointed out that the port city is \u201ca four to five-hour flight from at least a third of the world\u2019s population.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

But geography presents challenges for Busan. The <\/span>2025 World Expo<\/span><\/a> is slated for Osaka, Japan \u2014 just a ninety-minute flight away \u2014 which may lead the Bureau International des Expositions (BIE), the intergovernmental organization in charge of overseeing and regulating World Expos, to consider a more geographically diverse location for the 2030 event.<\/span><\/p>\n

Additionally, while Busan\u2019s transportation system may be world-class, its hospitality sector needs further development, a factor that could impact the city\u2019s attractiveness to a diverse range of international visitors.<\/span>
\n<\/span>
\n<\/span>\u201cBusan has mostly low-range accommodations, colloquially referred to as love motels, and a number of high-range hotels,\u201d O\u2019Malley told <\/span>Korea Pro,<\/span><\/i> \u201cbut the city lacks mid-range accommodation for attendees.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThe lack of accommodation was one of the reasons that ultimately doomed the Formula 1 project in Yeongam, South Jeolla Province, which hosted only four events from 2010 to 2013.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

President Yoon Suk-yeol meets with a visiting delegation from the Bureau International des Expositions at the Nurlmaru APEC House in Busan, April 6, 2023 | Image: Republic of Korea<\/a> via Flickr (CC BY-NC-SA 2.0<\/a>)<\/span><\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

A KINGDOM\u2019S RESET <\/b>
\n<\/span>
\n<\/span>In recent years, Saudi Arabia has embarked on an effort to rebrand itself, and its bid to host the World Expo forms a crucial component of this broader initiative.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cSaudi Arabia has made tourism one of the pillars of its economic diversification away from oil,\u201d stated Russell Lucas, a professor of international relations and global studies at Michigan State University.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThis is a big change from past policies that emphasized conservative social norms over attracting tourists. The success of Dubai and the whole UAE in attracting tourism and foreign investment is a model that Saudi Arabia wants to follow,\u201d he explained.<\/span><\/p>\n

The kingdom\u2019s financial robustness serves as a formidable resource, demonstrated by its commitment to <\/span>invest<\/span><\/a> $8 billion in the construction of the six-million-square-meter expo site. This aligns with Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman\u2019s \u201c<\/span>Vision 2030<\/span><\/a>,\u201d an ambitious $800 billion plan to lessen his country\u2019s dependence on oil by doubling the size of Riyadh and transforming its infrastructure, among other proposals.<\/span><\/p>\n

However, it\u2019s not just the kingdom\u2019s financial muscle that might tip the scales in its favor. Saudi Arabia\u2019s extensive trade links, particularly with developing nations, could prove decisive when the 171 member states of the BIE vote on the host city in Paris this November, according to O\u2019Malley.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cSouth Korea does very little trade with African and Latin American states that make up many votes in the BIE,\u201d O\u2019Malley told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cAlthough South Korea\u2019s conglomerates are supporting the bid, its outreach to countries with which it has had minimal cooperation in the past may hurt its bid compared to Saudi Arabia, which has greater investments on the African continent.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

However, Saudi Arabia\u2019s bid isn\u2019t without its challenges. Its poor human rights record is a major stumbling block.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Recently, a consortium of a dozen rights organizations lobbied the BIE to <\/span>remove Riyadh from contention<\/span><\/a>. There has also been criticism surrounding the kingdom\u2019s harsh treatment of the Howeitat tribe members, who protested their displacement by the <\/span>Neom project<\/span><\/a>, a \u201csmart city\u201d slated to be constructed in the desert.<\/span><\/p>\n

Despite these issues, Lucas indicates they might not spell an end to Saudi Arabia\u2019s 2030 expo aspirations.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cConcerns about human rights and workers\u2019 rights will be a major concern with Saudi Arabia hosting the Expo as it was with Qatar and the World Cup,\u201d Lucas told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>. \u201cHowever, these issues did not prevent the Emirates from hosting the 2020 Dubai Expo.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

President Yoon Suk-yeol meets with Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman Al Saud in Seoul, Nov. 17, 2022 | Image: ROK Presidential Office<\/a><\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

ECONOMIC BENEFIT?<\/b><\/p>\n

As demonstrated by past examples, hosting the World Expo is often a costly endeavor. The 2015 Milan World Expo came with a price tag of some <\/span>$2.8 billion<\/span><\/a> and reaped an estimated $10.9 billion, half of which was attributed to the tourism industry.<\/span><\/p>\n

Similarly, Dubai invested a staggering <\/span>$7 billion<\/span><\/a> in its 2020 Expo, which was postponed until 2021 due to the pandemic. Even though the city-state may have seen a short-term economic uptick, reports indicate that the revenues fell short by up to <\/span>57%<\/span><\/a> of projected figures.<\/span><\/p>\n

In South Korea\u2019s case, the country projects that hosting the 2030 World Expo will cost approximately $3.9 billion (<\/span>5 trillion won<\/span><\/a>) but could potentially generate an impressive $44 billion (<\/span>61 trillion won<\/span><\/a>). However, this doesn\u2019t take into account the additional expenses tied to various infrastructure projects associated with the expo.<\/span><\/p>\n

The city\u2019s bid is understood to include significant infrastructure upgrades, including a <\/span>new airport<\/span><\/a> and <\/span>high-speed rail line<\/span><\/a>, estimated at around $12 billion. Combined with the expo budget, the total cost swells to nearly $16 billion.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cA negative return on this investment may be likely,\u201d O\u2019Malley told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>. \u201cIt is common with mega-events that general cost overruns include profiteering and other forms of corruption by participating firms. I suspect this will be no different with the Busan World Expo 2030.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Dollars and cents may be of little concern for the Saudis, however.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTurning a profit is not necessarily a concern in the short run,\u201d Lucas said. \u201cAs with the LIV Golf league, the expo would be considered a loss-leader to help establish the country as a tourism market.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

The fact that money is seemingly no object for Riyadh should give Busan pause. That said, its position as a critical Asia-Pacific center and the cultural cachet built by Korean music, film and television may be enough to win the day.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cEven if most Westerners know nothing about Busan but its name, the city still benefits from the aura of quasi-futuristic fashionability now emanating from South Korea as a whole,\u201d Colin Marshall, a Seoul-based urbanist writer, told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cRiyadh, like some other Middle Eastern capitals, does project something of a futuristic image of its own, but the word \u201ccool\u201d hardly applies to Saudi Arabia, a country whose reputation constitutes more of an obstacle than an advantage.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Edited by John Lee<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Business & Economy<\/span><\/a>Culture & Society<\/span><\/a>Inter-Korean & Foreign Relations<\/span><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

As the fourth and final round of presentations for the World Expo 2030 host city begins in Paris this week, Busan \u2014 South Korea\u2019s second-largest city \u2014 appears to be a strong contender.\u00a0 With a compelling story of urban transformation into a gleaming global hub and national corporate backing, the city\u2019s passion and enthusiasm \u2014 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10207,"featured_media":2202816,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[24,25,28],"class_list":["post-2201423","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analysis","tag-business-economy","tag-culture-society","tag-inter-korean-foreign-relations"],"yoast_head":"\nHow Busan hopes to overcome Riyadh\u2019s bid for the World Expo 2030 - KOREA PRO<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/06\/how-busan-hopes-to-overcome-riyadhs-bid-for-the-world-expo-2030\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How Busan hopes to overcome Riyadh\u2019s bid for the World Expo 2030 - 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