{"id":2199819,"date":"2023-01-03T10:34:41","date_gmt":"2023-01-03T10:34:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nknews.org\/koreapro\/?p=2199819"},"modified":"2023-04-05T16:10:26","modified_gmt":"2023-04-05T07:10:26","slug":"yoons-tax-cut-plans-for-semiconductor-industry-set-up-clash-with-opposition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/01\/yoons-tax-cut-plans-for-semiconductor-industry-set-up-clash-with-opposition\/","title":{"rendered":"Yoon\u2019s tax cut plans for semiconductor industry set up clash with opposition"},"content":{"rendered":"

South Korea\u2019s two largest political parties briefly put aside their differences in late December to pass a <\/span>government budget for 2023<\/span><\/a>, but the resulting compromise satisfied few \u2014 including the Yoon administration.<\/span><\/p>\n

Business communities throughout South Korea have complained about the meager tax cuts that the two opposing camps agreed to pass. As a result, the Yoon administration is looking for battles that it can win, targeting tax breaks for the strategically important semiconductor industry.<\/span><\/p>\n

The main opposition party will continue to be the administration\u2019s main stumbling block, however, and amid the uncertainty of South Korea\u2019s current economic situation, this could ultimately be for the best.<\/span><\/p>\n

CORPORATE TAXES<\/b><\/p>\n

There are four tax brackets for corporate taxable income in South Korea, and until last year, the highest tax rate was set at 25% for earnings higher than $236.4 million (300 billion won). The ruling People Power Party (PPP) wanted a 3 percentage point cut in the maximum corporate tax rate to <\/span>22%<\/span><\/a>, but the main opposition Democratic Party (DP) rejected the PPP\u2019s proposal because it benefits \u201cmajor companies and the wealthy.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Eventually, the two camps reached a compromise when they <\/span>agreed<\/span><\/a> to Speaker Kim Jin-pyo\u2019s suggestion of a 1 percentage point cut in the maximum corporate tax rate to 24%.<\/span><\/p>\n

The tax cuts fell short of the Yoon administration\u2019s <\/span>pledge<\/span><\/a> to reverse the Moon administration\u2019s 3 percentage point corporate tax hike and its promise to simplify the four-tier corporate tax system to three tiers.<\/span><\/p>\n

Likely sensing the unfavorable optics of fighting for a lower corporate tax rate during an economic downturn, the Yoon administration has not attempted to raise the issue again and likely won\u2019t do so until at least after the 2024 legislative election.<\/span><\/p>\n

SEMICONDUCTOR TAX BREAKS<\/b><\/p>\n

Prior to reaching the budget compromise, the National Assembly passed a separate \u201cKorean CHIPS Act\u201d in December after a similar debate about the merits of tax breaks for corporations.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The law raised the corporate tax break for facility investment to 8% for large corporations from the previous 6%. However, critics such as PPP Rep. Yang Hyang-ja have <\/span>derided<\/span><\/a> the bill as \u201chalf-baked.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

A <\/span>former executive<\/span><\/a> at Samsung Electronics\u2019 semiconductor business division, Yang proposed that Korea pass its version of the U.S. CHIPS Act to boost the country\u2019s semiconductor industry. In her proposal, Yang called for a double-digit tax break for chipmakers.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

However, resistance from opposition lawmakers, who feared the appearance of favoring corporations during an economic downturn, resulted in the compromise of an 8% tax break.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Critics such as Yang have claimed that the tax cuts were too little to boost those companies\u2019 competitiveness against firms in other countries.<\/span><\/p>\n

In response to those complaints, President Yoon Suk-yeol <\/span>requested<\/span><\/a> the Ministry of Economy and Finance develop ways to further expand tax benefits for semiconductor manufacturers, which he referred to as \u201cnational strategic technologies.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

On Tuesday, the finance ministry answered Yoon\u2019s request by <\/span>publicizing<\/span><\/a> a plan that would make any firms \u2014 Korean or international \u2014 that invest in the ROK\u2019s semiconductor industry to be eligible for a 35% tax deduction. This tax break would go a long way toward helping companies like Samsung Electronics and SK Hynix remain competitive, as it would be more generous than the tax breaks that the U.S. or Taiwan offers.<\/span><\/p>\n

However, the proposed tax break plans are subject to approval by the National Assembly, which the DP dominates. And the opposition is not likely to consent to the finance ministry\u2019s proposal. DP lawmakers have publicly <\/span>declared<\/span><\/a> that corporate tax cuts are \u201cfor the ultra-rich\u201d and thus a fight that \u201ccannot be conceded.\u201d It would be difficult for the DP to compromise on such a position without losing face.<\/span><\/p>\n

Unlike corporate taxes, the Yoon administration can frame tax deductions for firms that invest in the ROK\u2019s semiconductor industry in terms of national security. Yoon and the PPP may thus be more willing to fight for this proposal, and more likely to achieve some success. However, it is still difficult to imagine the government will get all that it seeks.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

National Assembly Building of the Republic of Korea, Sept. 2014, via\u00a0Wikimedia Commons<\/a><\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

SAVING THE PPP FROM ITSELF<\/b><\/p>\n

Even if the Yoon administration did not face a hostile parliament, it is unlikely the government\u2019s tax break proposals would produce the desired benefits under <\/span>current economic conditions<\/span><\/a>, which do not appear ripe for traditional neoliberal policies.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The <\/span>COVID-19 surge<\/span><\/a> in China could have far-reaching consequences that will affect every economy in the world. The ROK economy depends heavily on exports to China. Any fall in demand for Korean goods among Chinese consumers due to the COVID-19 situation could lead to business closures and spiraling debt in South Korea.<\/span><\/p>\n

In another worrying sign, various industries throughout South Korea are showing signs of distress. Construction firms have <\/span>begun<\/span><\/a> to ask for extended tax breaks and other financial aid amid plunging market demand. South Korean banks are also <\/span>requesting<\/span><\/a> that employees who are 40 years old or older sign up for voluntary retirement.<\/span><\/p>\n

Granting massive tax benefits or tax cuts to corporations while the pandemic and inflation wreak havoc on ordinary people\u2019s livelihoods could signal to the market that the ROK government\u2019s debt could increase. Its expansionary fiscal policy to cope with the pandemic has already <\/span>increased the national debt<\/span><\/a> significantly.<\/span><\/p>\n

In contrast, other major economies like the <\/span>U.S.<\/span><\/a> and <\/span>Japan<\/span><\/a> have raised corporate taxes.<\/span><\/p>\n

The Yoon administration might be able to force the DP to agree to some additional tax breaks for the semiconductor industry. It will be difficult for the opposition to indefinitely resist the PPP\u2019s nationalistic justification for boosting such firms.<\/span><\/p>\n

But this will not be as robust as President Yoon would like \u2014 and that might be to South Korea\u2019s benefit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Edited by Bryan Betts<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Business & Economy<\/span><\/a>Domestic Politics<\/span><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

South Korea\u2019s two largest political parties briefly put aside their differences in late December to pass a government budget for 2023, but the resulting compromise satisfied few \u2014 including the Yoon administration. Business communities throughout South Korea have complained about the meager tax cuts that the two opposing camps agreed to pass. As a result, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10407,"featured_media":2199820,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[24,27],"class_list":["post-2199819","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analysis","tag-business-economy","tag-domestic-politics"],"yoast_head":"\nYoon\u2019s tax cut plans for semiconductor industry set up clash with opposition - KOREA PRO<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2023\/01\/yoons-tax-cut-plans-for-semiconductor-industry-set-up-clash-with-opposition\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Yoon\u2019s tax cut plans for semiconductor industry set up clash with opposition - KOREA PRO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"South Korea\u2019s two largest political parties briefly put aside their differences in late December to pass a government budget for 2023, but the resulting compromise satisfied few \u2014 including the Yoon administration. 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