{"id":2199700,"date":"2022-12-14T08:44:58","date_gmt":"2022-12-14T08:44:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nknews.org\/koreapro\/?p=2199700"},"modified":"2023-04-05T16:10:47","modified_gmt":"2023-04-05T07:10:47","slug":"planned-textbook-revision-puts-south-korea-out-of-step-on-lgbtq-issues","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2022\/12\/planned-textbook-revision-puts-south-korea-out-of-step-on-lgbtq-issues\/","title":{"rendered":"Planned textbook revision puts South Korea out of step on LGBTQ issues"},"content":{"rendered":"

The future of LGBTQ education in South Korea has been thrust into uncertainty after the Yoon Suk-yeol administration <\/span>announced a plan<\/span><\/a> to remove the term \u201csexual minorities\u201d from middle and high school textbooks from 2025.<\/span><\/p>\n

The education ministry said it will request publishers replace the term with what it says is a broader, more neutral-sounding phrase: \u201cminorities who face discrimination based on gender, age, race, nationality, disability and other factors.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The change appears aimed at shoring up support for Yoon among conservative voters but has led to domestic and international backlash. The National History Teachers Organization said the move is \u201chalting the progress of human rights,\u201d and other critics warned that the move could worsen discrimination against sexual minorities in South Korea.<\/span><\/p>\n

Seoul announced the textbook revision plan some two months after it announced a decision to <\/span>shut down<\/span><\/a> the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family (MOGEF), and both moves appear to contradict Yoon\u2019s <\/span>repeated<\/span><\/a> rhetorical emphasis on <\/span>freedom<\/span><\/a> and liberty.<\/span><\/p>\n

The administration\u2019s decision also appears to ignore students who have voiced their demand for better access to education about gender and sexual minorities, based on a <\/span>poll<\/span><\/a> conducted by the gender ministry.<\/span><\/p>\n

Notably, the textbook change would make South Korea the only developed nation that excludes the topic of sexual minorities from its education curriculum, reflecting the degree to which the administration is out of step with the values of international partners with which it hopes to build ties.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

Pride flag at the 2022 Seoul Queer Culture Festival, July 2022 | Image: Seoul Queer Culture Festival<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n

AN UPHILL BATTLE<\/b><\/p>\n

South Korea\u2019s LGBTQ community faces significant discrimination in their personal lives, workplace and the public sphere. According to a 2021 <\/span>Gallup Korea Poll<\/span><\/a>, only 38% of the public supports same-sex marriage, which is illegal in the country.<\/span><\/p>\n

ROK society has seen some improvements in terms of awareness of LGBTQ issues over the years. When U.S. second gentleman Doug Emhoff <\/span>toured<\/span><\/a> Seoul in May, for instance, he met and dined with one of South Korea\u2019s few openly gay celebrities, Hong Seok-cheon.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

But few South Korean leaders are willing to voice support on issues like gay marriage, while others are openly homophobic. The same day as Emhoff and Hong\u2019s tour, one of Yoon\u2019s top advisers made <\/span>headlines<\/span><\/a> by comparing homosexuality to a mental illness that is as treatable as \u201ca smoking habit.\u201d\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Several foreign missions in the ROK have openly <\/span>advocated<\/span><\/a> for LGBTQ rights and have even participated in local Pride festivals to show their support. But despite continuous international pressure, the Yoon administration appears to be rallying its conservative base for a kind of South Korean cultural war in an <\/span>increasingly polarized<\/span><\/a> political landscape.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Justifying the textbook revision, an education ministry official <\/span>cited<\/span><\/a> \u201cconcerns that educating youth about sexual minorities could trigger confusion regarding their sexual identity.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Myung Heesu, a member of Amnesty International Korea\u2019s Human Rights Education Team, disputed the official\u2019s claim.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThe ministry is not reflecting international human rights standards, which suggests proper education about sexual identity starting from an early age,\u201d she told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cDeliberately eliminating the presence of sexual minorities is not the education students need,\u201d Myung added. \u201cThe education necessary for the \u2018growing youths\u2019 is to help them recognize their identity without alienation and help them be able to coexist with various identities around them.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

Data provided by the Korean Women\u2019s Development Institute | Image: KoreaPro<\/p><\/div>\n

The Korean Women\u2019s Development Institute, a government think-tank dedicated to gender and family research run by MOGEF, has found that an <\/span>overwhelming majority<\/span><\/a> of middle school students in 2019 felt the need to learn about sexual minorities at school.<\/span><\/p>\n

About 30% of those students also responded that they experienced uncertain feelings at least once about their sexual orientations or preferences. Myung noted that some students face significant stress and depression due to intolerance toward homosexuality in their school environment.<\/span><\/p>\n

The National Human Rights Commission of Korea (NHRC) <\/span>added<\/span><\/a> in a statement that the textbook revision plan is \u201ca serious concern considering that the removal and thus stigmatization of a word can lead to worsening prejudice against sexual minorities in schools.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

As such, activist groups and experts ranging from the domestic NHRC to Amnesty International worry about how the planned changes could exacerbate homophobia in schools and put LGBTQ students at risk.<\/span><\/p>\n

AN OUTLIER AMONG DEMOCRACIES <\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The Yoon administration\u2019s gender initiatives have increasingly aligned with the demands of his supporters, who include <\/span>anti-feminist young men<\/span><\/a> and <\/span>conservative Christian groups<\/span><\/a>, while <\/span>ignoring<\/span><\/a> voices from feminist groups and human rights organizations.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

While such a strategy could result in short-term political benefits, Yoon\u2019s policy decisions risk devaluing a prized South Korea asset \u2014 its <\/span>soft power<\/span><\/a>. Even though the method of attaining soft power might be unclear, there can be no doubt that a tarnished national image can have <\/span>negative consequences<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Furthermore, Washington has <\/span>emphasized<\/span><\/a> to Yoon directly that it places a high priority on gender equality and women\u2019s issues, and it could increasingly raise the importance of LGBTQ rights with Seoul in much the same way, with President Joe Biden just <\/span>signing<\/span><\/a> into law new protections for same-sex marriage on Tuesday.<\/span><\/p>\n

The dissonance between Seoul and Washington\u2019s positions on LGBTQ rights could prove embarrassing for Yoon at a time when he seeks to shore up the U.S.-ROK alliance, even though the issue may not necessarily impede military and economic cooperation.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

Participants enjoying the 2022 Seoul Queer Culture Festival, July 2022 | Image: Seoul Queer Culture Festival<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n

Another possible outcome of the Yoon administration\u2019s textbook revision plan is that it could disincentivize foreign nationals from traveling or moving to the ROK, sending the message that the country tolerates widespread homophobia and discrimination.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Such a development would derail its efforts to address the problem of low birth rates and a <\/span>declining population<\/span><\/a> by <\/span>attracting foreign immigrants<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

However, the conservative government isn\u2019t the only hurdle South Korea\u2019s LGBTQ community has to overcome as it generally lacks support from across the political spectrum, making it difficult to build momentum for domestic LGBTQ initiatives.<\/span><\/p>\n

President Yoon\u2019s <\/span>approval numbers<\/span><\/a> are still low and the People Power Party (PPP) is still rudderless after its last controversy-laden leader was <\/span>ousted<\/span><\/a>. Meanwhile, Lee Jae-myung, the leader of the main opposition Democratic Party (DP), is <\/span>mired<\/span><\/a> in political scandal.<\/span><\/p>\n

In this environment, politicians will likely be unable to resist the temptation of pandering to their voters. And in a country where the \u201c<\/span>national consensus<\/span><\/a>\u201d remains against gay marriage, this will likely leave the LGBTQ community out in the cold yet again.<\/span><\/p>\n

Edited by John Lee<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Culture & Society<\/span><\/a>Domestic Politics<\/span><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The future of LGBTQ education in South Korea has been thrust into uncertainty after the Yoon Suk-yeol administration announced a plan to remove the term \u201csexual minorities\u201d from middle and high school textbooks from 2025. 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