{"id":2199627,"date":"2022-12-02T09:00:50","date_gmt":"2022-12-02T09:00:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nknews.org\/koreapro\/?p=2199627"},"modified":"2023-04-05T16:10:53","modified_gmt":"2023-04-05T07:10:53","slug":"yoons-attacks-on-the-press-betray-critical-misread-of-what-makes-democracy-work","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2022\/12\/yoons-attacks-on-the-press-betray-critical-misread-of-what-makes-democracy-work\/","title":{"rendered":"Yoon\u2019s attacks on the press betray critical misread of what makes democracy work"},"content":{"rendered":"

When the Yongsan Presidential Office (YPO) last month <\/span>denied<\/span><\/a> a customary seat for one of South Korea\u2019s largest broadcasters on Yoon Suk-yeol\u2019s plane to report on his trip to Southeast Asia, it appeared to score an embarrassing own goal.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Yoon has publicly positioned himself several times as a champion of freedom. He used the word <\/span>30 times<\/span><\/a> to drive the point home in his inaugural address. But by apparently attempting to censor MBC over a wafer-thin pretext, Yoon did more damage to his credibility than his worst critics could have done.<\/span><\/p>\n

The YPO claimed that MBC threatened national security and damaged U.S.-ROK relations two months ago by airing a \u201c<\/span>hot mic<\/span><\/a>\u201d comment from Yoon appearing to call U.S. lawmakers \u201cbastards\u201d after a brief meet-and-greet with Joe Biden. Yoon doubled down when he declared he kicked MBC off his plane because he felt that it was necessary to \u201c<\/span>defend the constitution<\/span><\/a>.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

If Yoon doesn\u2019t practice what he preaches, then it begs the question, what does he or the conservative party that he belongs to stand for?<\/span><\/p>\n

The political left is easier to understand. Whether they are quietly protesting in front of the U.S. Embassy or yelling into an overly-loud microphone or introducing <\/span>business-unfriendly<\/span><\/a> legislation<\/span><\/a>, it is easy to understand that their agenda derives from an underlying ethic. Essentially, they tend to prioritize justice and equality over other values.<\/span><\/p>\n

But what is the corresponding ethic of conservatives? In other democracies, conservatives tend to be distinguished from progressives by a bedrock belief in individual liberty, personal responsibility and the free market \u2014 at least conventionally speaking. The government\u2019s fundamental role, they think, is not to deliver happiness but to safeguard the freedom needed for citizens to pursue their individual goals.<\/span><\/p>\n

However, South Korean conservatives are not as easy to pigeonhole because the roots of the People Power Party (PPP) lie in the period when Korea was not a democracy. There is no need to overly blame conservatives for this because they built the foundations of the modern liberal state and <\/span>there\u2019s a case to be made<\/span><\/a> that they would not have been able to do so without firm controls.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The illiberal era ended in 1988 with the inauguration of Roh Tae-woo, who was outgoing dictator Chun Doo-hwan\u2019s preferred candidate. Despite that, Roh said all the right things to indicate the start of a new, liberal era.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cWe are now lined up on the starting line of democracy,\u201d he <\/span>said<\/span><\/a>. \u201cThe day when freedoms and human rights could be slighted in the name of economic growth and national security has ended. The day when repressive force and torture in secret chambers were tolerated is over.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

This sounded fine. However, it merely expressed the sentiment of the day rather than deeply cherished conviction. In other words, South Korean conservatives slipped into democracy without a clearly articulated philosophical change. Therefore, despite their lofty rhetoric, in their heart, they still view too much freedom as risky.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

Roh Tae-woo giving inaugural speech in 1988 | Presidential Archives<\/a><\/i><\/p><\/div>\n

THREE KOREAS<\/b><\/p>\n

However, even though liberals might be easier to understand than conservatives, it would still be a mistake to apply our understanding of those labels to the South Korean context<\/span><\/p>\n

While there are real differences between the two camps, those differences are not so much a result of divergent beliefs about economics or social issues or the role of the state to fix them, but rather to do with Korea being a split nation.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

My working hypothesis is that what really separates the political \u201cright\u201d and \u201cleft\u201d in Korea is how individuals conceive the country.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

In this sense, there are actually three Koreas on the peninsula. There is the one up in the north and two more in the south. The familiar southern one is the Republic of Korea. It was illiberal but is now a democracy. It has done so well that it is respected around the world as an advanced state, standing shoulder-to-shoulder with other liberal democracies. This is the Korea of the \u201cconservatives.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

The other less familiar Korea has its roots in the Japanese colonial period, which forced the birth of a new nation in the form of a <\/span>provisional government in Shanghai<\/span><\/a> \u2013 although this national identity also goes back millennia.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

This is Unified Korea, yet to be born. It is the country of the political left, its body battered by hostile power but its soul innocent. The devotees of this nation keep the flames of victimhood alive. To them, Japan is evil and their foreign policy towards it is one of mischief. They see both North Korea and South Korea as impostors, temporary and imperfect.<\/span><\/p>\n

To add to the confusion, as many, if not most, people are a mix of right and left, it\u2019s quite normal for an individual to relate comfortably with both versions of Korea. One day, though, these three nations may become one and things will be more clear.<\/span><\/p>\n

In the meantime, we find ourselves faced with choices at election time that do not always appear that distinct. Yoon and the PPP can help make their side more appealing by championing classical liberalism and upholding the ethic of individual liberty.<\/span><\/p>\n

Doing this would also make it clear to the conservative president that frustration with the press is to be managed with patience, for he would understand without question that continued access to a free press is vital for a functioning democracy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Culture & Society<\/span><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

When the Yongsan Presidential Office (YPO) last month denied a customary seat for one of South Korea\u2019s largest broadcasters on Yoon Suk-yeol\u2019s plane to report on his trip to Southeast Asia, it appeared to score an embarrassing own goal.\u00a0 Yoon has publicly positioned himself several times as a champion of freedom. He used the word […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10407,"featured_media":2199628,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[25],"class_list":["post-2199627","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinion","tag-culture-society"],"yoast_head":"\nYoon\u2019s attacks on the press betray critical misread of what makes democracy work - Korea Pro<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2022\/12\/yoons-attacks-on-the-press-betray-critical-misread-of-what-makes-democracy-work\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Yoon\u2019s attacks on the press betray critical misread of what makes democracy work - Korea Pro\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"When the Yongsan Presidential Office (YPO) last month denied a customary seat for one of South Korea\u2019s largest broadcasters on Yoon Suk-yeol\u2019s plane to report on his trip to Southeast Asia, it appeared to score an embarrassing own goal.\u00a0 Yoon has publicly positioned himself several times as a champion of freedom. 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