{"id":2199288,"date":"2022-10-31T13:34:09","date_gmt":"2022-10-31T13:34:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nknews.org\/koreapro\/?p=2199288"},"modified":"2023-04-05T16:11:04","modified_gmt":"2023-04-05T07:11:04","slug":"what-we-know-so-far-about-the-itaewon-tragedy-and-what-could-come-next","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2022\/10\/what-we-know-so-far-about-the-itaewon-tragedy-and-what-could-come-next\/","title":{"rendered":"What we know so far about the Itaewon tragedy, and what could come next"},"content":{"rendered":"

South Koreans awoke Sunday to news of one of the most horrific and deadly tragedies in the country\u2019s history, after more than 150 people predominantly in their 20s died overnight in a massive crowd crush while celebrating Halloween in Seoul.<\/p>\n

New details about what led to the disaster in a narrow alleyway in the popular international neighborhood of Itaewon continue to emerge, and the death toll could rise further as more than 30 survivors remain in critical condition.<\/p>\n

But while questions remain about the city\u2019s crowd control policies and why there weren\u2019t more police present, and as conspiracies spread online about what exactly happened and why, it\u2019s clear that the tragedy has already shaken a country that lives with the collective trauma of similar disasters in its recent past and of the government\u2019s failure to protect its people.<\/p>\n

The tragedy is all but certain to dominate political and social discourse in the coming weeks and months. If the Sewol ferry disaster of 2014 is any indication, the Yoon administration and Seoul city government will face intense public scrutiny over their response, with potentially far-reaching implications for South Korean politics and even foreign policy.<\/p>\n

And in a nation as divided as South Korea, investigators and officials now face the daunting task of determining exactly what went wrong, assigning blame and devising countermeasures in a way that allows people in mourning to find answers and make sense of the shocking loss of life \u2014 all while ensuring this does not happen again.<\/p>\n

\"\"

Citizens mourn the Itaewon victims at a memorial set up in front of Seoul City Hall | Image: Korea Pro (Oct. 31, 2022)<\/p><\/div>\n

WHAT WE KNOW\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

As of Monday afternoon, Seoul officials have confirmed 154 deaths from the crowd crush in Itaewon, making it the deadliest accident in the country since the Sewol ferry sinking claimed 304 lives in 2014.<\/p>\n

The disaster occurred in a sloped alleyway just 13 feet wide at approximately 10:12 p.m. KST on Saturday. It took around half an hour for emergency medical workers to arrive, and authorities made the first death toll announcement at around 1:30 a.m.<\/p>\n

Itaewon is a center of Seoul nightlife, and nearly 90% of those killed were in their 20s and 30s. Women accounted for 98 of the deaths, according to the Ministry of Interior and Safety<\/a>, with experts stating that women are particularly vulnerable during crowd surges due to lower lung capacity<\/a> and muscular strength on average. A middle school student and five high school students were also among the dead, according to the education ministry<\/a>.<\/p>\n

The death toll included 26 foreign nationals from 14 countries as of Monday, according<\/a> to the interior ministry: Five from Iran, four from China and Russia each, two from the U.S. and Japan each and one each from Australia, Austria, France, Kazakhstan, Norway, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Uzbekistan and Vietnam.<\/p>\n

The interior ministry has put the total number of casualties from the crowd surge at over 300.<\/p>\n

After news of the disaster broke, family and friends in South Korea and abroad<\/a> desperately tried to reach loved ones who had gone to Itaewon that night. Thousands<\/a> of missing person reports were filed across the country.<\/p>\n

\"\"

Yoon Suk-yeol visits a memorial in Seoul dedicated to the Itaewon victims| Image: ROK Presidential Office (Oct. 31, 2022)<\/p><\/div>\n

PREPARATIONS<\/strong><\/p>\n

Local police originally announced on Oct. 27<\/a> that they would deploy more than 200 officers to Itaewon for the weekend Halloween celebrations. But National Police Agency official Oh Seung-jin said Monday that just 137 were initially dispatched, mostly to focus on preventing criminal activity rather than crowd control.<\/p>\n

Oh stated however that around 30 to 90 officers were deployed to Itaewon during Halloween celebrations in years past, despite the area attracting large crowds for several years in a row. Interior ministry official Kim Seong-ho said there were no procedures in place to handle so many people attending an event without a designated organizer.<\/p>\n

\u201cAn event without a host \u2014 this was in fact almost unprecedented, so there was no relevant guideline or manual,\u201d Kim said.<\/p>\n

According to media reports citing police authorities at the time, pre-pandemic Halloween festivities in Itaewon attracted around<\/a> or more<\/a> than 100,000 people. The numbers fell in recent years due to COVID-19 restrictions, but Saturday marked the first Halloween since 2019 that most pandemic regulations were absent.<\/p>\n

Police initially predicted that around 100,000 people would visit Itaewon but 130,000 turned up, according to South Korean interior minister Lee Sang-min on Monday.<\/p>\n

\u201cCompared to the past, the crowd was not particularly bigger to a concerning level,\u201d he said. \u201cRegarding the cause [of the accident] \u2026 I understand that it was not an issue that would have been resolved with deploying [more] fire department and police personnel in advance.\u201d<\/p>\n

Politicians from both the opposition and ruling parties have criticized<\/a> Lee\u2019s remarks as a premature attempt to deflect blame without sufficient investigation.<\/p>\n

\"\"

Yoon and police and fire department authorities at the alleyway where the crowd crush happened | Image: ROK Presidential Office (Oct. 30, 2022)<\/p><\/div>\n

WHAT\u2019S TO COME<\/strong><\/p>\n

South Korean President Yoon Suk-yeol responded quickly to the Itaewon tragedy, holding emergency meetings throughout the night of the accident, visiting the site the following day, and designating the following week as a period of national mourning.<\/p>\n

Yoon has a lot to lose. His approval rating currently sits around 35%<\/a> and\u00a0he already has little support among younger voters.<\/p>\n

Impeached former President Park Geun-hye\u2019s botched response to the Sewol ferry disaster looms over the Itaewon tragedy after her absence on the day of the sinking became a major political issue in the following years. Yoon\u2019s presidential office is no doubt conscious of the risks of even small blunders.<\/p>\n

Presidential briefings in recent days have revealed that he is treading carefully to avoid comparisons to Park. For instance, the administration\u2019s rhetoric has touched on how quickly Yoon has responded, such as emphasizing<\/a> his designation of Itaewon as a special disaster area for subsidies \u201cless than a day after\u201d the accident.<\/p>\n

What remains unclear is who will be held responsible for the tragedy.<\/p>\n

The police and interior ministry are certain to face questions about the decision to deploy only 137 officers to Itaewon while dispatching far more police to much smaller protests in other parts of Seoul on the same day. The city government or Yongsan district office may face consequences for not having guidelines for mass gatherings when there isn\u2019t a clear organizing entity.<\/p>\n

The tragedy could dominate news cycles for months depending on how narratives take shape in political circles and among the public. The 2014 Sewol ferry sinking \u2014 and related issues such as aid for the bereaved families and investigations into who was responsible \u2014 dominated public discourse for years and remain divisive to this day.<\/p>\n

There could even be implications for South Korea\u2019s global image. The influx of international media to new headquarters in Seoul appears to have contributed to heavy global news coverage, as has the number of foreigners among the deceased.<\/p>\n

The lack of a control tower for handling casualties among foreign nations could also become an issue, as the responsibility was split<\/a> among different<\/a> departments, leading to difficulties<\/a> identifying victims and notifying their family members.<\/p>\n

\"\"

Citizens mourn the Itaewon victims at a memorial set up in front of Seoul City Hall | Image: Korea Pro (Oct. 31, 2022)<\/p><\/div>\n

TRAUMA AND DIVISION<\/strong><\/p>\n

Last but not least, the Itaewon tragedy could impact how South Korean citizens see state governance and society for years ahead, after yet another mass casualty event predominantly among younger generations.<\/p>\n

Studies have shown that the Sewol sinking has resulted in collective trauma<\/a> among South Koreans, and experts say<\/a> that this not only produces solidarity among certain demographics but creates divisions between those who do not share similar experiences and worldviews.<\/p>\n

While the South Korean public is still processing what happened in Itaewon, there are already multiple interpretations of what caused it. For example, some have blamed<\/a> victims for attending the raucous festivities in an area known for its foreign population and LGBTQ community \u2014 two stigmatized groups in South Korean society \u2014 or simply for staying out late partying.<\/p>\n

On Monday, many<\/a> of the written<\/a> messages<\/a> left at a memorial in Itaewon to the victims made a point to push back against such narratives: \u201cIt is not your fault<\/a>,\u201d they read.<\/p>\n

But determining who is will be the chief question in the days and weeks to come. How the government and the public answers that question could determine whether the tragedy further divides the country.<\/p>\n

Edited by Bryan Betts<\/em><\/p>\n

Culture & Society<\/span><\/a>Domestic Politics<\/span><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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