{"id":2199277,"date":"2022-10-28T10:17:29","date_gmt":"2022-10-28T10:17:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nknews.org\/koreapro\/?p=2199277"},"modified":"2023-04-05T16:11:04","modified_gmt":"2023-04-05T07:11:04","slug":"south-korea-has-a-stalking-problem-that-government-seems-unwilling-to-confront","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2022\/10\/south-korea-has-a-stalking-problem-that-government-seems-unwilling-to-confront\/","title":{"rendered":"South Korea has a stalking problem that government seems unwilling to confront"},"content":{"rendered":"

The violent murder of a woman at a central Seoul subway station by a former colleague casts a glaring spotlight on how easy it is for stalking to develop into violent crimes and undermines South Korea\u2019s global leadership goals.<\/span><\/p>\n

Stalking is rising as a ubiquitous form of gender violence in South Korea. But South Korean President Yoon Suk-yeol, who claimed earlier this year that \u201c<\/span>structural gender discrimination<\/span><\/a>\u201d didn\u2019t exist and whose cabinet is overwhelmingly male, along with ruling conservatives, appear at best tone-deaf to the issue and at worse willing to let it get worse.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The administration opted to eliminate the <\/span>Ministry of Gender Equality and Family (MOGEF)<\/span><\/a>, one of the only institutions in South Korea that have proven itself capable of pursuing initiatives that empower women and has helped establish progress toward equality since it was created in 2001.<\/span><\/p>\n

While South Korea is in need of foreign nationals amid its severe workforce shortage, such branding of the nation might lead to fewer foreign talents wanting to move to the country. This could also mean Yoon\u2019s ambitious foreign policy, built on an appeal to and solidarity with Western democracies, will lose steam before it really gets going.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

High-profile visits by U.S. Deputy Secretary of State Wendy Sherman and Vice President Kamala Harris to Seoul and their requests to host meetings with women in government and banking show that gender equality is a priority for Washington and the U.S.-ROK alliance. Yoon will not have the same success pressing his goals abroad if he continues to ignore this.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

SUBWAY MURDER<\/b><\/p>\n

On the evening of Sept. 14, Jeon Ju-hwan fatally <\/span>stabbed<\/span><\/a> a young woman in a central Seoul subway bathroom. The two used to work together before Jeon was fired for repeatedly stalking the victim.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The woman had <\/span>filed<\/span><\/a> multiple lawsuits against the man for stalking and illegal filming, and a court was scheduled to announce a decision the day after Jeon killed her. The murder came less than a year after South Korea first <\/span>enacted<\/span><\/a> its anti-stalking law, which now criminalizes stalking and allows up to three years of imprisonment or maximum $21,000 (30,000,000 KRW) fine.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The victim cited the new legislation in her lawsuits against Jeon, but it took years before a decision was made by a court and reflects the South Korean legal system\u2019s unpreparedness and inability to deal with the increasing number of sex crimes.<\/span><\/p>\n

Data provided by the office of Democratic Party lawmaker Kwon In-sook shows a sharp rise in police calls reporting stalking crimes in 2022. Police received 24,463 calls in the past 8 months, significantly higher than the 4,939 calls received in all of 2019.<\/span><\/p>\n

Notably, more than half of the calls this year were categorized as \u201cCODE 0\u201d and \u201cCODE 1\u201d \u2013 the highest levels of emergency according to a five-step severity chart created by ROK police \u2013 showing that the men and women who reported these incidents felt that their life was in immediate danger.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

Data provided by the office of Democratic Party Rep. Kwon In-sook on Oct. 26, 2022. | Image: Korea Pro<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

But the victims of sex-related crimes are not only limited to South Korean citizens. The foreign population in South Korea <\/span>reached<\/span><\/a> 1.6 million in 2021, and many of these were international students. According to research by the Research Institute of Asian Women at Sookmyung Women\u2019s University in 2022, a whopping 50% of international students in South Korea said they were victims of sexual harassment, and 1 in 10 said they were victims of stalking.<\/span><\/p>\n

Studies from the GongGam Human Rights Law Foundation also revealed that foreign women often face sexual harassment at work in South Korea. Some <\/span>12%<\/span><\/a> of women working in the agricultural sector said they faced workplace sexual harassment in 2016, and data from the National Human Rights Commission of Korea showed that <\/span>the majority of women<\/span><\/a> working in manufacturing had experienced verbal sexual harassment while at work.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

One expert told <\/span>Korea Pro<\/span><\/i> that the rate of sexual harassment is <\/span>likely higher<\/span><\/a> due to underreporting caused by foreigners\u2019 language barrier, lack of information, and\/or unfamiliarity with reporting mechanisms.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIt is not easy for foreigners to come forward with their situations especially in sexual violence cases because the language barrier prevents them from articulating the exact context to the authorities,\u201d said Kim Hae-jung, the head of the Korea Sexual Violence Relief Center Secretariat.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The recent subway murder has triggered the nation to scrutinize the unsettling reality of stalking crimes in South Korea. Crime against non-Koreans in the country is rarely <\/span>talked about<\/span><\/a> despite the growing international community, which seems to run counter to what the current South Korean government seeks to accomplish on the international stage.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

RISK FOR IMMIGRANTS<\/b><\/p>\n

Amid the rise in sex-related crimes, the Yoon Suk-yeol administration <\/span>announced<\/span><\/a> its plan to abolish the gender ministry, whose mandate includes investigating gender-related crime. The administration will spread its responsibilities across different ministries and agencies, including the Ministry of Justice.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shortly after the announcement, a coalition of feminist organizations held a protest <\/span>arguing<\/span><\/a> that losing MOGEF will mean \u201closing a control tower\u201d to gender issues. In response, the presidential office claimed that restructuring <\/span>will strengthen<\/span><\/a> the functions of the ministry.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

But it is unclear whether sex crimes will be investigated by ministries that are responsible for a slew of other responsibilities or whether the justice ministry and other agencies have the resources to thoroughly consider gender equality policies considering the <\/span>workforce and other shortages<\/span><\/a> they are already experiencing.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

For example, the Ministry of Health and Welfare will <\/span>take over<\/span><\/a> family welfare and gender equality initiatives. However, the ministry is already <\/span>overloaded<\/span><\/a> with COVID-19 pandemic control and social welfare programs overseeing the entire South Korean population. The ministry was recently <\/span>criticized<\/span><\/a> when its social worker visitation program failed to prevent a poverty-stricken family suicide.<\/span><\/p>\n

Some experts <\/span>have said<\/span><\/a> such moves will weaken the saliency of gender equality initiatives, which may sputter due to an increased dependency on evanescent leadership and fluctuant political situations.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c(Abolishing MOGEF) is highly concerning news,\u201d Kim of the Korea Sexual Violence Relief Center said. \u201cSexual violence needs coherent support, but abolishing the ministry dedicated to that might make policymaking decentralized and less prioritized, leading to a general setback of gender equality in South Korea.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

In the wake of <\/span>historically low fertility rates<\/span><\/a> and record-high deaths in South Korea, the Yoon administration is seeking to attract foreign immigrants to deal with the country\u2019s <\/span>demographic crisis<\/span><\/a>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

However, as women make up half of the international talent pool \u2014 not to mention families \u2014 high rates of sex crimes will not be an <\/span>attractive proposition<\/span><\/a> for would-be immigrants to South Korea. This may make it difficult for the government to achieve its stated goal of admitting up to <\/span>110,000 overseas workers<\/span><\/a> into <\/span>the country beginning next year.<\/p>\n

High rates of gender crime could also become a complicating factor to a more robust South Korea-U.S. alliance that Yoon has been pushing for. The U.S. is apparently aware of South Korea\u2019s regressive gender initiatives since Yoon took the office. Last month, U.S. Vice President Kamala Harris <\/span>visited<\/span><\/a> South Korea and pressed the president about gender inequality. In particular, Harris <\/span>expressed<\/span><\/a> concerns about scrapping the gender ministry.<\/span><\/p>\n

Such a depiction of South Korea will most definitely hurt Yoon\u2019s ambitious diplomatic initiative and may cause hamper the government\u2019s effort to attract foreign labor forces as the risk to women grow.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

A group of feminist organizations gathered to mourn for the victim of the murder at Sindang Station. | Image: Equaline_swwa via Instagram, Human Rights Committee of the Progressive Party via Facebook<\/a>, Flaming Feminist Action via Facebook<\/a>. Edited by Korea Pro<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

HELP ON THE WAY?<\/b><\/p>\n

But some positive legislative prospects are on the way. The justice ministry has <\/span>announced<\/span><\/a> plans to revise the current anti-stalking law after the subway murder.<\/span><\/p>\n

South Korea\u2019s <\/span>Stalking Punishment Act<\/span><\/a> which came into effect in Oct. 2021 is likely in need of such updates, as some aspects of the law seem out of step with other democracies.<\/span><\/p>\n

The law defines <\/span>stalking<\/span><\/a> behaviors as approaching, waiting near the residence or delivering objects. This kind of enumeration is avoided by other countries in case it excludes other non-listed stalking behaviors from legal jurisdiction.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

For example, Germany had a similarly restrictive definition of a stalking act until it revised the law in 2021. The new provision <\/span>replaced<\/span><\/a> the words \u201cpersistent\u201d with \u201crepeated\u201d and \u201cseriously\u201d with \u201cnot insignificantly,\u201d expanding the range and lowering the requirements.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The U.S. Department of Justice even <\/span>instructed<\/span><\/a> each of the states to avoid restricting stalking behaviors by specifically enlisting stalking acts. Instead, it comprehensively <\/span>defines<\/span><\/a> the act as a \u201ccourse of conduct.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Thus, the South Korean justice ministry\u2019s <\/span>plan<\/span><\/a> to amend those provisions, as well as to include policy measures like mandatory electronic tracking, is expected to strengthen safeguards for victims and enable effective crime deterrence.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

While <\/span>numerous politicians<\/span><\/a> are pledging to strongly enforce government measures to prevent violent gender-related crimes, the sheer rise in stalking-related incidents in South Korea suggests that the recent subway murder is unlikely to be the last incident of a stalker assaulting or killing their victim in the country.<\/span><\/p>\n

And without the gender ministry, South Korea will lose its control tower of all gender equality and anti-sex crime initiatives. Whether such a transition will strengthen safeguards for women from violence is yet unclear, but many critics, including the U.S., see South Korea\u2019s gender equality as a persistent and malicious problem.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Edited by Arius Der<\/span><\/i>r\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Culture & Society<\/span><\/a>Domestic Politics<\/span><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The violent murder of a woman at a central Seoul subway station by a former colleague casts a glaring spotlight on how easy it is for stalking to develop into violent crimes and undermines South Korea\u2019s global leadership goals. Stalking is rising as a ubiquitous form of gender violence in South Korea. 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