{"id":2198855,"date":"2022-09-01T02:16:30","date_gmt":"2022-09-01T02:16:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nknews.org\/koreapro\/?p=2198855"},"modified":"2023-04-05T16:11:41","modified_gmt":"2023-04-05T07:11:41","slug":"south-koreas-defense-industry-looks-to-europe-with-major-polish-arms-deal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2022\/09\/south-koreas-defense-industry-looks-to-europe-with-major-polish-arms-deal\/","title":{"rendered":"South Korea\u2019s defense industry looks to Europe with major Polish arms deal"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">South Korea is entering the NATO defense market with aplomb. Its groundbreaking <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.pl\/web\/national-defence\/k2-tanks-k9-howitzers-and-fa-50-aircrafts--the-polish-army-will-receive-powerful-weapons-and-the-polish-defence-industry-will-receive-a-strong-impulse-for-development\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">deal with Poland<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for tanks, howitzers and light combat aircraft may exceed <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/asiatimes.com\/2022\/07\/koreas-biggest-ever-arms-deal-to-fortify-natos-poland\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$15 billion<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2014 Seoul\u2019s biggest arms deal in history.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Other Central European countries will closely <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.koreatimes.co.kr\/www\/nation\/2022\/08\/205_334206.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">monitor<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the implementation of the ROK-Poland deal, viewing South Korea as a potential partner in their own military modernization efforts, especially in the light of Russia\u2019s aggressive land grab this year.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The size and scope of the deal are impressive. According to the framework agreement, published by the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wojsko-polskie.pl\/au\/articles\/aktualnosci\/czolgi-haubice-i-samoloty-z-korei-dla-sil-zbrojnych-rp\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Polish Armaments Agency<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, Poland will purchase 1,000 Hyundai Rotem K2 Black Panther main battle tanks, 672 self-propelled Hanwha Defense K9 Thunder self-propelled howitzers and 48 Korea Aerospace Industries FA-50 Fighting Eagle light combat aircraft.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The deliveries will be carried out in stages, including technology transfer and licenses to produce the tanks and howitzers in Poland. The stages break down accordingly:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The first 180 K2s, 212 K9A1s and 12 FA-50s in standard production versions will be delivered to Poland from 2022-25, 2022-26 and in 2023, respectively. On Aug. 26, Poland\u2019s defense minister <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wojsko-polskie.pl\/au\/articles\/aktualnosci\/umowy-wykonawcze-na-czolgi-i-haubice-z-korei\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">approved<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> executive contracts for the supply of 180 K2 tanks ($3.37 billion) and 212 K9 howitzers ($2.4 billion).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Upgraded Polish versions of 820 K2PLs (with reinforced armor, omnidirectional observation system and a hard-kill active defense system), 460 K9PLs (based on ready-made technologies obtained as a result of work on the K9A2 model) and 36 FA-50PLs (with increased operational capabilities based on Block 20 version being developed by KAI) will enter production in 2026, 2024 and 2025, respectively.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Licensed production of K2PLs and K9PLs will begin in Poland in 2026, the same year the country will launch an FA-50PL service center. Poland and South Korea also plan to jointly develop next-generation tank and howitzer systems.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div style=\"width: 1880px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2198858 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nknews.org\/koreapro\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2022\/09\/NATO-missile-system-test-in-Poland-korea-pro.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1870\" height=\"1000\" \/><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">NATO nations test surface-to-air defense systems in Poland as part of military exercises in June 2022 | Image: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/nato\/52146028360\/\">NATO<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n<p><b>FORCE MULTIPLIER<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">South Korean defense companies are seizing the opportunity to deepen their involvement in the European market. In turn, this should translate into greater defense potential of the whole NATO alliance with respect to Russia. This trend opens a window of opportunity for ROK\u2019s defense industry to increase its supplies of military equipment to most or all NATO members.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Poland, a NATO member, has become a major advocate for <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/app.23degrees.io\/view\/KJpesgWQv1CmxoMr-bar-stacked-horizontal-figure-5_scv\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">military aid to Ukraine<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, donating weapons such as Soviet-era tanks (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defensenews.com\/land\/2022\/04\/26\/poland-confirms-t-72-tank-delivery-to-ukraine-with-challenger-2-tanks-to-fill-gap\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T-72 MTBs<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukrinform.net\/rubric-ato\/3536351-poland-delivers-batch-of-pt91-twardy-tanks-to-ukraine.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PT-91 Twardy MBTs<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.polskieradio.pl\/399\/7977\/Artykul\/2976389,Polskie-armatohaubice-Krab-gotowe-do-walki-na-ukrainskim-froncie\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Krab howitzers<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to its eastern neighbor.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On the one hand, Poland is purchasing military equipment from South Korea in part to replace the equipment donated to Ukraine. But more broadly, Warsaw\u2019s decision is part of the modified Plan of Technical Modernization of the Polish Armed Forces for 2021\u20132035, previously <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.pl\/web\/obrona-narodowa\/524-miliardy-zlotych-na-modernizacje-wojska-polskiego-do-2035-roku\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">adopted<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in Oct. 2019. For example, tanks from South Korea will constitute the backbone of the Polish armored forces alongside American Abrams tanks. In April, Poland signed a contract for the purchase of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.pl\/web\/national-defence\/abrams-for-poland---we-reinforce-the-potential-of-the-polish-armed-forces\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">250 M1A2 SEPv3 tanks<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and in July announced the purchase of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/notesfrompoland.com\/2022\/07\/15\/poland-to-buy-116-used-abrams-tanks-from-us\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">116 used M1A1 SA tanks<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Polish minister of defense <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/defence24.pl\/polityka-obronna\/polska-kupi-1000-czolgow-blaszczak-planujemy-pozyskanie-dodatkowych-f-35-lub-f-15-wywiad\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">admitted<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that only South Korean manufacturers were able to deliver weapons of that quality at such short notice, and with such a broad collaboration with the Polish defense industry.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The South Korean offer was also selected due to the fruitful <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/defence24.com\/industry\/krab-howitzers-to-get-korean-chassis-pgz-decision-ends-the-crisis\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cooperation<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> between the Polish and South Korean industries in the production of Krab self-propelled howitzers (120 chassis of the K9 for Krabs have been licensed-manufactured in Poland since 2014). In June, Poland and Ukraine signed a contract to deliver 60 Krabs to Ukraine, which was Poland\u2019s largest-ever arms export deal, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/notesfrompoland.com\/2022\/06\/10\/poland-sells-60-howitzers-to-ukraine-in-record-arms-export-deal\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">worth $650 million<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This illustrates how cooperation with South Korean partners may increase the export potential of the Polish defense industry.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_2198856\" style=\"width: 2058px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2198856\" class=\"wp-image-2198856 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nknews.org\/koreapro\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2022\/09\/poland-south-korea-defense-cooperation-meeting.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1096\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-2198856\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A meeting on defense cooperation between Poland and South Korea in May 2022 | Image: <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/Poland_MOD\/status\/1531179232210059265?s=20&amp;t=yWbo-OxKtA-df4_vLAG4Iw\">Polish defense ministry<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">South Korea is already the biggest Asian investor in Poland, thanks to a strategic partnership declaration <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.president.pl\/president-komorowski\/news\/poland-south-korea-adopt-strategic-partnership-declaration,38801\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">signed in 2013<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Since 1991, over 300 South Korean companies have invested over $5.2 billion in Poland, according to Korea Eximbank statistics.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In recent years, ROK firms have poured investment into Poland\u2019s electromobility sector. For example, LG Energy Solution\u2019s lithium-ion battery factory for electric cars near Wroc\u0142aw is <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kedglobal.com\/automobiles\/newsView\/ked202207220010\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">one of the largest EV battery factories worldwide<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, with a 68 GWh annual capacity and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.spglobal.com\/commodityinsights\/en\/market-insights\/latest-news\/energy-transition\/042722-lg-energy-aims-to-more-than-double-battery-capacity-to-520-gwhyear-by-2025\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">plans<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to increase it to 100 GWh by 2025.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">South Korea is also interested in developing Polish strategic projects. In April, Korea Hydro &amp; Nuclear Power <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/business\/energy\/south-koreas-khnp-submits-offer-build-polands-first-nuclear-plant-2022-04-21\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">submitted<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> an offer to build nuclear reactors in Poland. Incheon airport is also a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cpk.pl\/en\/news\/incheon-seoul-airport-becomes-the-sth-strategic-advisor\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">strategic advisor<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for Poland\u2019s Central Communication Port project.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Further, Poland\u2019s roles as a member of the Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission since 1953, non-permanent member of the U.N. Security Council and vice-chair of the Sanctions Committee on North Korea in 2018\u20132019 enhanced political and security dialogue with Seoul beyond pure economics.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>ROK FUTURE<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">President Yoon Suk-yeol envisions South Korea as one of the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2022\/08\/17\/asia\/south-korea-arms-exports-yoon-intl-hnk-ml\/index.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">world\u2019s top four<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> weapons suppliers, and the record arms deal with Poland puts Seoul <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iiss.org\/blogs\/military-balance\/2022\/08\/analysis-milestone-in-warsaw-the-march-of-the-south-korean-defence-industry\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">well on the way<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to achieving this goal.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sipri.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2022-03\/fs_2203_at_2021.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">SIPRI data<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, South Korea was already among the top 10 largest suppliers of weapons from 2017 to 2021, accounting for 2.8% of all global arms exports. It was also the world\u2019s fastest-growing exporter in that time, boosting arms exports 177% over the 2012-16 period. Asian countries, like the Philippines and Indonesia, which accounted for 16% and 14% of sales, respectively, will remain important buyers, but South Korea seeks worldwide distribution.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This year, ROK signed a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defensenews.com\/industry\/2022\/01\/18\/south-korea-inks-largest-arms-export-deal-with-uae-for-missile-interceptor\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$3.5 billion deal<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with the United Arab Emirates to export Cheongung-II medium-range surface-to-air missiles and a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/en.yna.co.kr\/view\/AEN20220201001900325\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$1.65 billion contract<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to sell K9 howitzers to Egypt. In the years 2017 to 2021, around 24% of South Korean arms exports went to NATO countries such as the U.K. (14%), Norway (6%), Poland (3%) and Turkey and Estonia (with under 1% each). Defense industry collaboration would also be part of the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pism.pl\/publications\/south-korea-nato-cooperation-intensifies\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">intensifying cooperation<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> between ROK and NATO.<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The interest in South Korea\u2019s offer may be even greater if one takes into account the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/neweasterneurope.eu\/2022\/07\/14\/germany-still-struggles-to-understand-its-eastern-neighbours\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">huge disappointment<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of NATO\u2019s Eastern Flank countries with Germany \u2014 one of the main arms suppliers in the region \u2014 due to its hesitant approach in supporting Ukraine with weapons and its <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dw.com\/en\/opinion-germany-loses-credibility-by-not-delivering-tanks\/a-62616378\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">inability<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to deliver replacement tanks to countries that had sent its Soviet-era tanks to Ukraine.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_2198857\" style=\"width: 2058px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2198857\" class=\"wp-image-2198857 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nknews.org\/koreapro\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2022\/09\/29846088877_61f5b6ca82_o.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1095\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-2198857\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ukrainian soldiers participate in a military exercise in Sept. 2018 | Image: Ukrainian defense ministry<\/p><\/div>\n<p><b>MEETING THE CHALLENGE<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The ultimate success of the South Korean defense industry over the coming years will be measured by its ability to deliver weapons on time and the efficiency of its collaboration with the Polish defense industry. This is even more important given some doubts from Polish experts about <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/defence24.pl\/przemysl\/gen-wierzcholski-zakup-koreanskich-haubic-to-blad-bez-odpowiednio-przygotowanych-kadr-nie-wzmocnimy-artylerii-wywiad\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cost details<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and whether FA-50 aircraft capabilities <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/defence24.pl\/polityka-obronna\/koreanski-fa-50-dla-polski-za-i-przeciw-analiza\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">are adequate<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for Polish needs.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Apart from proving the technical value that its exports offer, South Korea should also remember that weapons deals are always connected with policy making. Further development of defense cooperation with Poland and other countries in the region will require greater <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nknews.org\/pro\/arming-kyiv-ukraine-gives-south-korea-a-chance-to-prove-its-a-world-player\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">interest<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> on South Korea\u2019s part in the security situation in Central and Eastern Europe, and a more decisive approach to Russia.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Edited by Arius Derr<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<div class=\"content-tags\"><a href=\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/tag\/business-economy\/\"><span class=\"tag\">Business &amp; Economy<\/span><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/tag\/defense-security\/\"><span class=\"tag\">Defense &amp; Security<\/span><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/tag\/inter-korean-foreign-relations\/\"><span class=\"tag\">Inter-Korean &amp; Foreign Relations<\/span><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>South Korea is entering the NATO defense market with aplomb. Its groundbreaking deal with Poland for tanks, howitzers and light combat aircraft may exceed $15 billion \u2014 Seoul\u2019s biggest arms deal in history. Other Central European countries will closely monitor the implementation of the ROK-Poland deal, viewing South Korea as a potential partner in their [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7824,"featured_media":2198859,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[24,26,28],"class_list":["post-2198855","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analysis","tag-business-economy","tag-defense-security","tag-inter-korean-foreign-relations"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>South Korea\u2019s defense industry looks to Europe with major Polish arms deal - KOREA PRO<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2022\/09\/south-koreas-defense-industry-looks-to-europe-with-major-polish-arms-deal\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"South Korea\u2019s defense industry looks to Europe with major Polish arms deal - KOREA PRO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"South Korea is entering the NATO defense market with aplomb. Its groundbreaking deal with Poland for tanks, howitzers and light combat aircraft may exceed $15 billion \u2014 Seoul\u2019s biggest arms deal in history. Other Central European countries will closely monitor the implementation of the ROK-Poland deal, viewing South Korea as a potential partner in their [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2022\/09\/south-koreas-defense-industry-looks-to-europe-with-major-polish-arms-deal\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"KOREA PRO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/nknewsorg\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-09-01T02:16:30+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-04-05T07:11:41+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2022\/09\/K9-howitzer-korea-pro-featured-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1870\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"ariusderr\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@southkoreapro\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@southkoreapro\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Oskar Pietrewicz\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2022\/09\/south-koreas-defense-industry-looks-to-europe-with-major-polish-arms-deal\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2022\/09\/south-koreas-defense-industry-looks-to-europe-with-major-polish-arms-deal\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"ariusderr\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/#\/schema\/person\/3dff0dfd06b9d9d7f399cfa3fc7ed5db\"},\"headline\":\"South Korea\u2019s defense industry looks to Europe with major Polish arms deal\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-09-01T02:16:30+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-04-05T07:11:41+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2022\/09\/south-koreas-defense-industry-looks-to-europe-with-major-polish-arms-deal\/\"},\"wordCount\":1190,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/koreapro.org\/2022\/09\/south-koreas-defense-industry-looks-to-europe-with-major-polish-arms-deal\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/assets.korearisk.com\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2022\/09\/K9-howitzer-korea-pro-featured-1.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Business &amp; 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